Respiration(anaerobic) 🚬

• Anaerobic respiration

  Occurs in some microorganisms & tissues (facultative & obligates anaerobes)
• Anaerobic respiration

  1. In absence of oxygen for glycolysis to continue NAD must be regenerated

  2. Involves the reoxidation of NAD, pyruvate acts as the H acceptor rather than Oxygen
• Liver cells need O2


  To remove lactate
• Oxygen debt


  Extra O2 taken in through heavy breathing to take to hepatocytes (liver cells) to metabolise lactate
• Respiratory substrates


  Molecule that can be oxidised through respiration to fuel synthesis of ATP
• Lipids role

  • Energy storage (in seeds)
  • Thermal insulation under skin
  • Protects vital organs (heart /kidney) from damage
• Lipids as a respiratory substrate

  1. Glycerol is phosphorylated by ATP and dehydrogenated to form triose phosphate which then enters glycolysis

  2. Fatty acids split into (2C) acetate fragments which enter the kreb cycle as acetyl coenzyme A
• Types of proteins

  • Globular proteins (enzymes, hormone, haemoglobin, antibodies)
  • Fibrous proteins (collagen, Keratin)
• Protein as a respiratory substrate

  1. Protein hydrolysed to amino acid

  2. In liver deamination occurs (amine grp removed)

  3. Amine grp converts to ammonia and combines with Co₂ → Urea

  4. Rest of amino acid (keto acid) used as pyruvate /intermediate for krebs cycle
• lipids structure

  
• protein structure

  
• anaerobic respiration in plants

  
• anaerobic respiration in animals