Physics P2

• What units can distance be measured in?

  Distance can be measured in mm, cm, m, and km.
• What units can time be measured in?

  Time is measured in ms, s, mins, and hours.
• What is the difference between a vector and a scalar?

  A vector has magnitude and direction, while a scalar has just magnitude.
• Why can vectors be negative while scalars cannot?

  Vectors can be negative because the sign indicates a direction, while scalars cannot be negative.
• What type of quantity is speed and what type is velocity?

  Speed is a scalar quantity, while velocity is a vector quantity.
• What does the gradient of a distance-time graph represent?

  The gradient of a distance-time graph represents velocity.
• What does a steeper gradient on a distance-time graph indicate?

  A steeper gradient indicates a faster speed.
• What does a negative gradient on a distance-time graph indicate?

  A negative gradient indicates the moving object is returning to the starting point.
• What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?

  A horizontal line indicates the object is stationary.
• What does a curved line on a distance-time graph indicate?

  A curved line indicates that the velocity is changing, meaning the object is accelerating or decelerating.
• What does the gradient of a velocity-time graph represent?

  The gradient of a velocity-time graph represents acceleration.
• What does a steeper gradient on a velocity-time graph indicate?

  A steeper gradient indicates greater acceleration.
• What does a negative gradient on a velocity-time graph indicate?

  A negative gradient indicates the object is decelerating.
• What does a horizontal line on a velocity-time graph indicate?

  A horizontal line indicates the object is moving at a constant speed.
• What can be calculated from the area under the curve of a velocity-time graph?

  The area under the curve of a velocity-time graph gives the total distance travelled by the object.
• How is average speed calculated when speed changes during motion?

  Average speed is calculated using the overall distance and total travel time.
• What does a curved line on a velocity-time graph suggest?

  A curved line suggests that the acceleration of the object is changing.
• What is the formula for average speed?

  Average speed = total distance / total time.
• What type of interaction occurs between charged particles?

  Electrostatic interaction occurs between charged particles.
• What type of attraction occurs between particles with mass?

  Gravitational attraction occurs between particles with mass.
• What are contact forces and how do they act?

  Contact forces act in the opposite direction to contact, such as friction.
• What does a free body force diagram show?

  A free body force diagram shows the direction of forces acting on an object.
• How does the reaction force act in relation to the line of contact?

  The reaction force acts normal (perpendicular) to the line of contact.
• In which direction does friction act?

  Friction acts in the opposite direction to movement.
• In which direction does weight act?

  Weight always acts vertically downwards from the object's center of mass.
• What does the length of each arrow in a force diagram represent?

  The length of each arrow represents its size in relation to other forces acting on the object.
• What does it mean if arrows in a force diagram are of equal length and in opposite directions?

  If arrows are of equal length and in opposite directions, the forces cancel out, and the object is in equilibrium.
• What happens when the drag is less than the weight in a force diagram?

  If drag is less than weight, the resultant force causes the object to accelerate downwards.
• What happens when the difference in arrow lengths is less in a force diagram?

  If the difference in arrow lengths is less, the resultant force and acceleration are smaller.
• What does Newton's First Law state about an object's velocity?

  Newton's First Law states that an object has a constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force.
• What happens to an object when a resultant force acts on it?

  If a resultant force acts on an object, it will accelerate.
• How is acceleration defined in relation to velocity and time?

  Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity over time.
• What happens to a vehicle's acceleration as air resistance increases?

  As air resistance increases, the resultant acceleration from thrust decreases.
• What is terminal velocity?

  Terminal velocity is when thrust is balanced by drag and friction, resulting in no resultant force and no acceleration.
• What does Newton's Second Law state about acceleration and resultant force?

  Newton's Second Law states that acceleration depends on the direction and magnitude of the resultant force.
• What is the formula for calculating force using mass and acceleration?

  The formula is: force = mass × acceleration.
• What is inertia?

  Inertia is the measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object depending on its mass.
• What is the formula for calculating mass using force and acceleration?

  The formula is: mass = force / acceleration.
• What is the formula for momentum?

  The formula for momentum is: momentum = mass × velocity.
• What is conserved in an elastic collision?

  In an elastic collision, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.