Glycolysis

• where does glycolysis happen?

  in the cytoplasm
• what does glycolysis produce?

  2ATP
• can it happen in aerobic or anaerobic conditions?

  both
• what does glycolysis mean?

  the splitting of glucose
• what does glucose immediately split into?

  glucose phosphate (6C)
• how does glucose enter a cell?

  active transport, facilitated diffusion, co transport
• what reaction happens when glucose splits?

  phosphorylation
• what does a phosphorylation reaction mean?

  adding phosphate to make something more reactive
• how many molecules of ATP are used up when glucose is phosphorylated to glucose phosphate?

  2ATP
• what does the glucose phosphate split into?

  two molecules of triose phosphate (3C)
• what do the two molecules of triose phosphate split into?

  pyruvate
• what happens when triose phosphate splits into pyruvate?

  NAD is reduced by the addition of hydrogen
• what type of reaction happens when triose phosphate splits into pyruvate, and what happens as a result?

  oxidation, which means that NAD is reduced from the addition of hydrogen
• what converts 4ADP+Pi to 4ATP, and when does it happen?

  substrate level phosphorylation and it happens when triose phosphate splits into pyruvate
• what is the net gain of ATP?

  2
• explain why isolated mitochondria are unable to use glucose as a respiratory substrate?

  there is no cytoplasm for glycolysis to take place, and glucose is too large and polar to enter without any carriers
• the importance of glycolysis:

  splits glucose into pyruvate which can move into the mitochondria

  produces 2ATP

  can occur in aerobic and anaerobic conditions