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Psychopathology
neural OCD explanation
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Neural explanations
Focus on what is happening in the brain
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Factors that can influence neural explanations
Genetics
Brain damage
Infection
Environment
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Neurotransmitters
Transmit information (messages) from one neuron to another
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Neurotransmitters linked to OCD
Serotonin
Dopamine
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Dopamine
High levels linked to OCD, involved in experiencing motivation, rewards and compulsions
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Serotonin
Low levels linked to OCD, regulates
mood
, anxiety, and
memory
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Antidepressant drugs which increase serotonin have been found to reduce symptoms of OCD
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Brain area implicated in OCD
Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)
Sends signals to thalamus about worrying things
Basal ganglia (caudate nucleus) damage fails to stop minor worry signals
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Brain circuit activation in OCD
1. Impulses brought to attention
2. Causes performance of behaviour to address impulse
3. Difficulty stopping/ignoring impulses
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PET scans show heightened activity in the OFC when OCD sufferers have active symptoms
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