PHILO

• VIRTUE - Awakening of the seeds of good deeds that lay dormant in the mind and heart of a person.
• VOLUNTARINESS - ability of a person to act out of his her or her own free will and self determination.
• RESPONSIBILITY - Accountability of a person in consequence of his action.
• FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION - It is the basic and inherent right of the people to express their grievances, observations and criticism regarding things and issues which directly affect them.
• Kinds of Freedom: Physical Freedom, Psychological Freedom, Moral Freedom
• Physical Freedom - refers to the absence of any physical restraint. (Example the right to Travel and Abode)
• Psychological Freedom – refers to freedom to make the right and wise decision.
• Moral Freedom refers to an action that upholds human dignity and goodness.
• The medieval era, often called The Middle Ages or the Dark Ages, began around 476 A.D. following a great loss of power throughout Europe by the Roman Emperor.
• Intersubjectivity is sharing of one’s perception or experience of reality to others. These interactions between the “self” and “others”, should have a mutual recognition of each other as unique but equal beings. The preposition “with” as used in the reality of coexistence best apply. This means that a state of recognition to others is best describes as a “being-with-others.
• A dialogue is an interaction between persons that happens through speech or the use of words, expressions, and body language.
• Authentic dialogue means accepting others even if they are different from themselves. Since, human nature upholds dignity and goodness, our interactions with others are also geared toward what is good and beneficial.
• Casual conversations with other people often consist of discussing news

  or occurrences. We often conduct our normal conversations in these manners. But when we are with friends and family, we are comfortable discussing more personal issues like life goals, emotional problems, or moral dilemmas..
• Underprivileged Sectors - are people who have less in financial and possessions and opportunities compared to other people in the society. They were deprived or disadvantaged to learn and read or even government cuts. underprivileged does not have the advantages other people have. Underprivileged people usually live in poverty.
• persons with disabilities or PWDs are used to apply to all persons with disabilities including those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which, in interaction with various attitudinal and environmental barriers, hinders their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.
• HUMAN SOCIETY - It is a group of people who share a common lifestyle and organization.
• “A social system may be defined as a plurality of individuals interacting

  with each other according to shared cultural norms and meanings”.
• THE FOUR-FUNCTION PARADIGM: Adaptation, Goal attainment, Integration, Pattern maintenance
• Humans are the most social species in our planet and that's why almost every human related aspects are influenced by the our society and social system.
• A role is a comprehensive pattern of behaviour that is socially recognized, providing a means of identifying and placing an individual in a society.
• Adaptation, or the gaining of control over conditions in environments of the system. Adaptive processes involve developing new resources or improving allocations of resources to strengthen a system’s capabilities and efficiencies.
• Goal attainment, or the processes of organizing the activities of social units to bring about a valued.
• Integration, or the processes of mutual adjustment among a system’s components to promote their long-term dependence on one another and attachment to the system.
• Pattern maintenance, or the processes of developing long-term commitment to values and other principles that distinguish the system from its environments.
• Intrinsic motivation comes from within, while extrinsic motivation arises from external factors.
• Westener - Individualism
• Innovation - can be a new idea, product or method that is translated into a good or service that creates value or for which customers are willing to pay. 
• The Divine Law of the Old Testament, or the Mosaic Law, is commonly divided into civil, ceremonial, and moral precepts.
• Types of society: hunting-and-gathering, horticultural and pastoral, agricultural, industrial, postindustrial
• hunting-and gathering - these are small, simple societies in which people hunt and gather food. Because all people in these societies have few possessions, the societies are fairly egalitarian, and the degree of inequality is very low.
• horticultural and pastoral - larger than hunting-and-gathering societies. Horticultural societies grow crops with simple tools, while pastoral societies raise livestock. Both types of societies are wealthier than hunting-and-gathering societies, and they also have more inequality and greater conflict than it.
• agricultural - these societies grow great numbers of crops, thanks to the use of plows, oxen, and other devices. Compared to horticultural and pastoral societies, they are wealthier and have a higher conflict and of inequality.
• industrial - features factories and machines. They are wealthier than agricultural societies and have a greater sense of individualism and a somewhat lower degree of inequality that still remains substantial.
• Postindustrial - these societies feature information technology and service jobs. Higher education is especially important in these societies for economic success.
• This failure to perform a positive duty which one is bound to do is called omission
• This human nature defines that defines our identity, character, or essential qualities of any person or thing is called self
• Intersubjectivity is coined by the Philosopher Edmund Husserl
•  A being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property or legal responsibility. - Human Person
• A society of technically advance nations based on the productions and consumption of services and information instead of goods. - Postindustrial
• This society is one in which people subsist through the cultivation of plants for food consumption - horticultural society