Renal Physiology

• KIDNEYS - Pair of bean shaped organs found in the lower back region behind intestines
• KIDNEYS - Major excretory and osmoregulatory organs
• Bowman's capsule - also known as renal capsule
• Basic functional unit of kidney is NEPHRON, which can do filtration and collection
• GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE - The volume of fluid filtered from the glomeruli into the Bowman’s space per unit time
• Bowman's Capsule: Ultrafiltration
• Proximal Tubule: Selective reabsorption
• Loop of Henle: Osmoregulation (salt gradient)
• Distal Tubule: Selective Reabsorption
• Collecting Duct: Osmoregulation (Water Retention)
• Kidneys - This is where urine is produced and excreted by the body via urination (micturition)
• Decreased GFR: Constriction of afferent arteriole
• Decreased GFR: Dilation of efferent arterioles
• Decreased GFR: Decreased hydrostatic pressure
• Increased GFR: Dilation of afferent arteriole
• Increased GFR: Constriction of efferent arteriole
• Increased GFR: Increased hydrostatic pressure
• Color responsible for urine: urochrome