biology key terms

• What makes up the genetic code

  The order of bases
• What are the 4 bases of DNA

  Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
• What bases connect with each other?

  Adenine and thymine, guanine and cytosine
• What is the dna structure

  A 2 stranded double helix
• What is diffusion?


  The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
• What are the 3 requirements for active transport to take place

  Ideal temperature, oxygen, glucose
• What does the cell membrane do?


  controls what goes in and out of the cell
• What does the mitochondria do?


  produces energy
• What does the nucleus do?

  Contains DNA that controls what the cell does
• What does the ribosome do?

  protein synthesis
• What does the cell wall do?

  supports and protects the cell
• What is a population?

  All the organisms of one species living in a habitat
• What is a species?

  A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
• What is natural selection?

  The idea that the fittest survive and pass along their traits to their offspring.
• What is an adaptation?


  A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce
• What is a mutation?


  change in DNA sequence
• What is an indicator species?

  Species that indicate environmental quality or levels of pollution by their presence, absence or abundance.
• What do pesticides do?

  kill pests
• What are the 3 limiting factors of photosynthesis?

  light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature
• What are the 3 fates of glucose?

  Stored as starch, used in respiration and structural cellulose
• What is photosynthesis?


  The process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food
• What controls photosynthesis


  enzymes
• What is the nitrogen cycle?

  nitrogen moves from the air to the soil, into living things, and back into the air
• What do plants compete for?

  Light, space, water and nutrients from soil
• What do animals compete for?

  Food, mates, shelter, water and mates
• How much energy loss occurs at each stage in a food chain

  90%
• What does atp stand for

  adenosine triphosphate
• What is speciation?


  Formation of new species
• What is plasmid DNA?


  Small loops of extra DNA
• What is osmosis?


  passive process where water molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration
• What is active transport?


  the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
• What does DNA stand for?

  deoxyribonucleic acid
• What is a food chain?


  A series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy.
• What do the arrows in a food chain represent?

  flow of energy
• What is a producer

  An organism that makes its own food using sunlight.
• What does the food chain start with

  producer
• What is bioaccumulation?


  Harmful or toxic materials building up in a food chain.
• What is a habitat?


  Place where an organism lives
• What is an ecosystem?

  all of the living and nonliving things interacting in an area
• What form do plants use nitrogen


  Nitrates