MENDELIAN GENETICS

• Who is the father of genetics
• Mendel’s work laid the foundation for modern genetics, which has led to significant advances in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology.
• Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk who conducted experiments on pea plants to understand how traits are inherited.
• The principles of inheritance that he discovered include dominant and recessive alleles, segregation, independent assortment, and the law of probability.
• Chromosomes carry genes on them, and they separate during cell division into two daughter cells.
• Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment were later found to be examples of more general rules governing genetic variation called chromosomal theory of inheritance.
• The principles of inheritance that Mendel discovered are still valid today and have been confirmed by numerous experiments.
• His findings challenged the prevailing theory of blending inheritance and paved the way for modern genetics.
• The principles he discovered include dominant and recessive alleles, segregation, independent assortment, and the law of probability.
• Genes determine specific characteristics or traits.
• His findings were published in his paper "Experiments in Plant Hybridization" in 1865 but went largely unnoticed until they were rediscovered by scientists in the early 20th century.
• He observed that certain characteristics were passed down from one generation to another according to specific rules.
• Mendel's work provided evidence for the existence of genes as units of heredity and paved the way for further research into genetics.
• Mendel's laws of inheritance have been confirmed through numerous studies and continue to be important concepts in understanding genetic variation and evolution.
• Alleles are different versions of a gene that can be passed down from parents to offspring.
• Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for making proteins or other molecules.