Grammatical signals

• Grammatical Signal-are writting devices that serve to maintain text coherence . They Signal the relationship between new sentences and the one before it
• Idea development- it is a manner or pattern by which a writter or a speaker explain his main idea about a topic In a paragraph/s, it also shows the relationship between supporting details in paragraphs , essays and chapters
• Patterns of idea development:

  • General to particular
  • Claim and counter claim
  • Cause and effect
  • Problem and solution and others
• CAUSE AND EFFECT- write up looks at the reasons for action or an event , then the results. For this reason, cause and effect selections are sometimes referred to as reason and result essays
• Cause and effect GS can be used:

  To introduced cause/reason

  1. For this reason
  2. As
  3. Since
  4. For
  5. To be effect
  6. As a result of
  7. Because
  8. Due to
  9. As a Consequence of
• To introduce effect/result:

  1. Consequently
  2. So
  3. The cause of
  4. Hence
  5. Thus
  6. As a result
  7. To affect
  8. Therefore
  9. As a consequence
• Claims and counter claim - claim is just a fancy way of saying that youre stating your main point. Claims are not just an opinions. A claim tells what you think is true about a topic based on your knowledge and your research.
• A counter claim is just the opposite of a claim. Counterclaims are also provable and supportable reasons and evidence
• To contrast:

  1. However
  2. But
  3. To be different from
  4. In contrast
  5. Whereas
  6. On the other hand
  7. To be unlike
  8. While
  9. In/by composition
• General to particular

  This idea discusses a broad topic. Using specific details that supports the topic.

  Example: General- children should eat less junk food.

  GS- for example

  Particular- they should avoid eating chips and fries
• General to particular Gs

  1. For example
  2. To demonstrate
  3. Like
  4. For instance
  5. In this case
  6. Such as
• To show order of importance:

  1. Above all
  2. A more important
  3. Primarily
  4. The primary
  5. The most important
  6. First and foremost
• To show chronological order

  1. First, second
  2. Etc
  3. Next
  4. Finally
  5. Gradually
  6. As
  7. Since
  8. First of all
  9. How
  10. Previously
• Problem and solution

  Is a pattern of organization where information in a write up is expressed as a dilemma or concerning issue a problem and something that was can be done to remedy this issue solution or attempted solution.
• Example of problem and solution

  • Prob- Gina doesn't have enough money for the tour she wanted to join
  • Gs- so
  • Solution- she looked for a part time job to earn enough money
• Problem and solution gs

  1. All in all
  2. In short
  3. To conclude
  4. The evidence suggests