soclit
Cards (46)
- Poetry
- Derived from a Greek word poesis meaning "making or creating"
- A kind of language that says it more intensely than ordinary language does
- Five things to remember about poetry
- Poetry is all about concentration
- Poetry is a kind of word-music
- Poetry expresses all the senses
- Poetry answers our demand for rhythm
- Poetry is observation plus imagination
- Poetry is the concentration of mind and of thought, feeling and language into words within a rhythmic structure
- Music and poetry have been connected throughout history, and that is evident when you read any song lyrics--they are written in poem form. Both art forms also utilize choruses, stanzas, and repetition
- A five senses poem follows a very simple outline of choosing a topic or subject and then describing it through the senses: sight, touch, smell, hearing, and taste
- Rhythm sets poetry apart from normal speech; it creates a tone for the poem, and it can generate emotions or enhance ideas
- Poetry is an imaginative awareness of experience expressed through meaning, sound, and rhythmic language choices so as to evoke an emotional
- Some of the Best Definitions of Poetry
- Gemino Abad – "A poem is a meaningful organization of words"
- T.S. Eliot – "The fusion of two poles of mind, emotion and thought"
- Manuel Viray – "Poetry is the union of thoughts and feelings"
- William Wadsworth – "Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings recorded in tranquility"
- Edgar Allan Poe – "It is the rhythmic creation of beauty"
- Percy B. Shelly – "It is the record of the best and happiest moments of the happiest and best minds"
- Jaime G. Ang – "Poetry is the 'essence' of the creative imagination of man"
- Elements of Poetry
- Sense
- Sound
- Structure
- SenseRevealed through the meaning of words, images and symbols
- Sense elements
- Diction - denotative and connotative meanings/symbols
- Images and sense impression - sight, sound, smell, taste, touch, motion, and emotion
- Figures of speech - simile, metaphor, personification, etc.
- Sound elements
- Tone color - alliteration, assonance, consonance, rhyme, repetition, anaphora
- Rhythm - duple, triple, running or common rhyme
- Meter - quantitative, syllabic, accentual and accentual syllabic
- Rhyme scheme - formal arrangement of rhymes in stanza or the whole poem
- Structure elements
- Word order - natural and unnatural arrangement of words
- Ellipsis - omitting some words for economy and effect
- Punctuation - abundance or lack of punctuation marks
- Shape - contextual and visual designs: jumps, omission of spaces, capitalization, lower case
- Literary Devices in Poetry
- Simile
- Metaphor
- Personification
- Apostrophe
- Metonymy
- Synecdoche
- Hyperbole
- Irony
- Allusion
- Antithesis
- Paradox
- Litotes
- Oxymoron
- Onomatopoeia
- Essay
- A short form of literary composition based on a single subject matter, and often gives the personal opinion of the author
- A prose composition of moderate length usually expository in nature, which aims to explain or clear up an idea, a theory, an expression, or point of view
- The most popular form of literature
- Elements of Essay
- Theme and Content
- Form and Structure
- Language and Style
- Theme and ContentWhat is the main point of the essay? (Trivial, common place, unusual, controversial; Appraise, criticize, expand, comment, lament, celebrate; Human nature, social conditions, manners, politics, attitudes, art; Creating a single impression or producing a single effect with the work; Present ideas, describe events, interpret experiences)
- Form and StructureHow are ideas ordered to achieve a single effect? (Unity of expression, coherence and cohesion; Orderly, systemic, logical manner; Three basic parts: introduction, main body, conclusion; Two major patterns: inductive and deductive; Expository devices: definition, description, narration, analogy)
- Language and StyleWhat makes the essay literary? (Mode or tone, attitude, sensibility of the essayist; Whimsical, humorous, matter-of-fact, satirical, serious, optimistic; Diction choice of topics, personal bias or attitude)
- Types of Essays
- Formal or Impersonal Essay
- Informal or Familiar Essay
- Reflective
- Narrative
- Descriptive
- Speculative
- Biographical
- Nature
- Critical
- Didactic
- Scientific
- Formal or Impersonal EssayDeals with serious and important topics like philosophy, theology, science and politics
- Informal or Familiar EssayCovers the light, ordinary, even common place subjects through a bubbling, casual, conversational, friendly, often humorous but equally insightful, stance as the formal essay
- Reflective EssayA type of writing in which you describe some moment or experience from your life or share your thoughts on some text
- Narrative EssayA way of testing your ability to tell a story in a clear and interesting way
- Descriptive EssayA type of essay that describes something
- Speculative EssayBased upon a hypothesis or educated guess that is given as a reasonable probability that has not yet been proven or tested but seems to be possibility
- Biographical EssayAn essay where you tell the story of a person's life
- Nature EssayA piece of writing that explores the natural world, often describing its beauty and significance
- Critical EssayA form of academic writing that analyzes, interprets, and/or evaluates a text
- Didactic EssayWritten from a second-person point of view, focusing more on instructing than entertaining
- Scientific EssayAn article whereby you have to analyze a scientific issue or problem and then try to develop a solution on the basis of factual information and perhaps provide some of your opinions on the matter as well
- SimileComparing two things using the words like or as
- MetaphorUsing direct comparison of two unlike things or ideas
- PersonificationGiving human traits to inanimate objects or ideas
- ApostropheA direct address to someone absent, dead, or inanimate
- MetonymySubstituting a word that closely relates to a person or a thing
- SynecdocheUsing a part to represent the whole
- HyperboleMaking use of exaggeration
- IronySaying the opposite of what is meant
- AllusionReferring to any literary, biblical, historical, mythological, scientific event, character or place