EARTHQUAKES

• Define an Earthquake 


  Earthquake may be a weak or violent shaking of the ground.
• How does an earthquake occur?

  An earthquake happens when 2 tectonic plates hit or bump each other. it originates from tectonic plate boundary, these may cause faults which are cracks in the Earth's surface.
• Explain the parts of this earthquake

  Earth is made of crust which is made out of tectonic plates, these movements are by the mantle (under the crust).
• What are the 2 kinds of continental plates? Explain briefly their differences

  The oceanic and continental plates. The difference is oceanic is underwater and dense while continental is made out of granite
• Enumerate the different types of Earthquakes

  The tectonic, volcanic, collapse and explosion
• Define tectonic earthquake


  Its the most common which is caused by tectonic faults
• Define volcanic earthquakes


  These are caused by volcanic activites
• Define collapse earthquake


  these are small quakes that happens in mines
• Define explosion earthquakes 


  these occur from chemical devices.
• Who are those who specializes in Earthquakes?

  Seismologists, they use the study of seismology
• What do these seismologists use?

  they use a seismograph to record these earthquakes
• what are the categories of seismic waves?

  Primary, Secondary, Surface waves
• Define Primary waves


  these are the fastest seismic waves and can move through any types of matter.
• Define secondary waves


  these only move through solid
• define Surface waves


  they occur the longest
• How do you measure an earthquake?

  You can use the help of magnitude and intensity
• What is the difference of magnitude and intensity?

  magnitude is the size of seismic waves and intensity is the strength of the earthquake
• How to measure the magnitude?

  Scientists use "moment magnitude scale" (MMS/RICHER SCALE).The larger magnitude = the stronger
• What is the magnitude scale?

  1.0-2.9 = slight

  3.0-3.9= weak/slightly felt

  4.0-4.9= moderately strong/strong

  5.0-5.9= very strong/destructive

  6.0-6.9=very destructive/ devastating

  7.0-above = completely devastating
• what is the earthquake underwater?

  tsunami
• WHAT ARE THE EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS

  Ground rupture, ground shaking, Liquefaction, Earthquake-induced landslide, Tsunami
• DEFINE GROUND RUPTURE


  Intersection with fault within surface of earth
• Define ground shaking


  Vibration of ground everywhere
• Define Liquefaction


  where the soil is weakened by the earthquake shaking
• DEFINE EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED LANDSLIDE


  Downward movement of rocks, solids
• DEFINE TSUNAMI


  Series of waves caused by earthquakes under the sea
• SAFETY TIPS (BEFORE)


  PREPARE READINESS PLAN, CHECK THE STRUCTURE OF HOUSE, MAKE EMERGENCY KIT
• SAFETY TIPS (DURING)


  BE CALM, PROCEED TO OPEN ARWA, STAY ASIDE
• SAFETY TIPS (AFTER)


  BE PEPARED FOR AFTERSHOCKS, CHECK SURROUNDINGS, EVACUATE