Genetics !

• Genetics is defined as the branch of biology that deals with heredity and variation.
• Genetics introduced when Gregor Johann Mendel published the result of his experiment on inheritance
• DNA is a molecule that encodes an organisms genetic blueprint. In other words, DNA contains all the information required to build and maintain an organism.
• Gene -  basic physical and functional unit of heredity; segments of DNA that codes for a trait.
• Allele - different forms of genws for a single trait.
• Law of Segregation - during gamete formation, the allele for each gene segregates or separates from each other such that each gamete formed carries only one allele.
• Law of Independent Assortment - genes for different traits assort independent of each other during genetic formation;

  • a trait does not affect the inheritance of another trait
• Law of Dominance - the presence of a dominant allele conceals, masks or prevents the expression of the recessive allele.