Sociology: social class

• Labelling


  Process where teachers judge students based on preconceived ideas
• 60 Chicago high school teachers - findings


  • Students were judged on how closely they fit the idea pupil
  • Judged on: appearance, work, conduct
• Teachers have different ideas about the ideal pupil
• Fast learners


  • Labelled "tigers"
  • Tended to be neat with a clean appearance
  • Sat at the front of the class
  • Got lots of encouragement
• Slow learners


  • Labelled "downs"
  • Usually working class
  • Sat at the back of classes
• • Fake IQ test - 20% of pupils labelled as 'spurkers'
  • 47% of 'spurkers' made significant progress
• • Teachers are less likely to see a black pupil as having ability
  • Placed in lower tier exams
• Streaming


  Grouping students by ability
• When streaming was removed, anti-school subcultures were also removed
• Labelling continued from teacher
• Streaming


  Students get labelled into 3 categories:
• Student categories in streaming

  • Those who will pass anyway
  • Those who have potential to get grade C or better
  • Hopeless cases - wa + black pupils
• A03- Government move to progies 8

  1. Pre-School Subculture Pupils placed in high Sels who remain Comed to the valves of School

  2. Anti-School Subculture Pupils placed in low sels, School undermines worth. Gaining status with peers instead
• Differention


  Teachers Calegarise pupils according to how they percieve their ability
• Polarisation


  Pupils respond to Streaming by moving to anki ar pro School Subcultures
• Social class in education - External

  Parents put less value on education and Acents education. given less encouragement
• Less educated parents


  Are inconsistent + harshly. Paccols education punish children
• More educated parents


  Income promotes the Success of their children by buying educational tays + books
• Man-fatalism


  Whatever will be, will be
• Collectivism


  Value group more than succeeding as an individual
• Working Class Subculture


  • Immediate gratification focus on being rewarded new
  • Present time orientation focus on what happens now. Goes against Values of school + wider society
• A03: Reddic-Cultural deprivation is victim blaming
• Poorer homes


  Get less vibankins therefore have weaker immune systems
• Material deprivation


  10 yr olds from lower social classes have higher rates of anxicky + hyperactivity
• Costs of free Schooing

  • kranspork
  • uniform
  • book
  • Laptops
  • PC Aih
• Cost of education its not taken up by people who need it
• Overcrowding


  Means Less room for educational activities. No room for homework
• Cold/damp housings


  Ill heath
• Temporary housing


  Can cause Psychological distress
• We are more debt adverse
• Pupil Subculture


  • Ingratiation
  • Aitualism
  • Retreabism
  • Rebellion
• A03- Pupil will act differcaly each day and different with different teachers
• Archer we children


  Are aware of Symbolic violence Schools impose
• Deliberately wear brands


  • Nike
  • Styles that represent being me!
• Symbolic capital


  Gains from peers