CSS (NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM)

• Network Operating System - is a computer operating system that is designed primarily to support workstation, personal computer, and, in some instances, older terminal that are connected on a local area network (LAN).
• The term network operating system is generally reserved for software that enhances a basic operating system by adding networking features.
• Client - is a piece of computer hardware or software that accesses a service made available by a server.
• The term Client applies to programs or devices that are part of a client-server model.
• A client is the requesting program or user in a client/server relationship.
• Server - is a computer or computer program that manages access to a centralized resource or service in a network.
• In computer networking, a server is a computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other (client) computers over a local network or the Internet.
• Examples of Servers

  • Web Servers
  • Mail Servers
  • File Servers
• Windows Server - is a group of operating systems designed by Microsoft that supports enterprise level management, data storage, applications, and communications.
• Windows Server is a series of server operating systems developed by Microsoft.
• Windows Servers

  • Stability
  • Security
  • Networking
  • Various improvements to the file system
• Windows Server 2012 R2 - is the latest release of Windows Server.
• Windows Server 2012 R2 focuses on cloud computing.
• Linux Server - is a high-powered variant of the Linux open source operating system that's designed to handle the more demanding needs of the business applications such as network and system administration, database management and Web services.
• Linux servers are frequently selected over other server operating systems for their stability, security and flexibility advantages.
• Leading Linux Server OS

  • CentOS
  • Debian
  • Ubuntu Server
  • Slackware
  • Gentoo
• Microsoft products are regarded as the standard option for most businesses.
• According to Microsoft's website, 2008's mainstream support will end in 2015, with extended support ending in 2020.
• Linux is installed over 95% of the world's best supercomputers demonstrating that it is the fastest performing OS with the smallest resource footprint.
• TOP 10 Linux Distributions of 2015

  • Ubuntu
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux
  • Suse Linux Enterprise Server
  • CentOS
  • Debian
  • Oracle Linux
  • Mageia/Mandriva
  • ClearOS
  • Arch Linux
  • Slackware
• Peer-to-peer network operating system - users are allowed to share resources and files located on their computers and access shared resources from others.
• A peer-to-peer network sets all connected computers equal.
• Peer-to-Peer Advantages

  -Ease of setup

  -Less hardware needed, no server needs to be purchased.
• Peer-to-Peer Disadvantages

  • No central location for storage
  • Lack of security that a client/server type offers
• Client/Server Network Operating Systems - allow the network to centralized functions and applications in one or more dedicated file servers.
• Server - is the center of the system, allowing access to resources and instituting security.
• Peer-to-Peer

  • BitTorrent
  • Napster and Gnutella
  • Windows for Workgroups
  • AppleShare
• Client/Server

  • Windows Server
  • Linux Server
  • Mac OS X Server
• Domain - is a group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures.
• Workgroup - is a collection of computers on a local area network (LAN) that share common resources and responsibilities.
• Novell Netware, Artisoft's LANtastic, Microsoft Windows Server, and Windows NT - examples of a NOS
• Features of NOS

  • Basic operating system - protocol support, processor support,, hardware detection and multiprocessing support for applications
  • Security features - authentication, restrictions, authorizations and access control
  • Features for file, Web service, printing and replication
  • Directory and name services management
  • User management features along with provisions for remote access and system management
  • Internetworking features - routing and WAN ports
  • Clustering capabilities
• Common tasks associated with NOS

  • User administration
  • System maintenance activities like backup
  • Task associated with file management
  • Security monitoring on all resources in the network
  • Setting priority to print jobs in the network
• Microsoft has also created specialized SKUs of Windows Server that focuses on the home and small business markets.
• Linux distributions also offer alternatives to popular Microsoft products such as Microsoft Exchange.
• Recently, SUSE partnered with Microsoft to enable Hyper-V node management using SUSE Cloud, allowing you to run a mixed environment where required.
• One of the major downsides of Linux is that it is a lesser known platform you will find it harder to administrators with the skills to configure and support the system in-house.
• Peer-to-Peer Network Operating System - this system is not based with having file server or centralized management source.