Root canals

• Weine's type I: one orifice, one root canal, one apical foramen
• Weine's type II: two orifices, two root canals, one apical foramen
• Weine's type III: two orifices, two root canals, two apical foramina
• Weine's type IV: one orifice, two root canals, two apical foramina
• Vertucci's type I: single canal from chamber to apex
• Vertucci's type II: two canals leave the pulp but join to form one canal at the site of exit
• Vertucci's type III: one canal leaves the pulp chamber, divides into two within the root, and merges to exit in one canal
• Vertucci's type IV: two separate canals exit the pulp chamber to the apex
• Vertucci's type V: single canal leaves the pulp but divides into two separate canals and two apical foramina
• Vertucci's type VI: two separate canals leave the pulp chamber but join at the midpoint, then divide again into two separate canals that leave in two apical foramina
• Vertucci's type VII: one canal leaves the pulp chamber which divides, then unites, and finally divides before exiting the apex
• Vertucci's type VIII: three canals leave the pulp chamber and run independently towards the apex
• Maxillary anterior teeth: generally have one root, one canal, and one apical foramen
• Maxillary first premolar generally has two roots and two canals
• Maxillary first premolar: if there is one root only, it is more likely for there to be two canals
• The maxillary second premolar generally has one root, one canal and one apical foramen
• The maxillary first molar has three roots and mostly has four canals (60%), and will have two roots in the mesiobuccal root
• The maxillary second molar has three root and generally three canals
• The mandibular central incisors generally have one canal
• The mandibular lateral incisors generally have one canal but the incidence of two canals is 45%
• The mandibular canine will generally have one canal
• The mandibular first premolar usually only has one canal
• The mandibular second premolar usually only has one canal
• The mandibular first molars mostly have three canals (two in mesial root)
• The mandibular second molar can have two, three, or four canals with C-shaped canals