memory

Cards (23)

  • Short and long term memory

    • They are separate memory stores as indicated by the MSM of memory
  • Korsakoff syndrome

    • Chronic alcoholics sometimes develop this condition
    • Damages parts of the brain
    • Little effect on the LTM
    • Severely impacts the STM
  • Korsakoff's patient

    Able to have a normally functioning LTM while having a severely impaired STM
  • This suggests that the STM and LTM function completely independently and exist as separate entities
  • This increases the validity of the MSM's suggestion that the STM and LTM are separate stores
  • Short and long term memory

    • They are separate memory stores as indicated by the MSM of memory
  • KF
    • Suffered brain damage in a motor cycle accident
    • This had no effect on his LTM but led to poor performance on many STM tasks
  • If the STM and LTM existed as a combined memory store

    KF would have lost or retained all of his memory functioning
  • KF's LTM and STM were affected separately
  • There is experimental research evidence to support that the STM and LTM are separate memory stores as indicated by the MSM of memory
  • Glazner and Cunitz's study on primacy and recency effects

    • Participants are more likely to recall the first few (primacy effect) and the last few (recency effect) words
    • Middle words are more likely to be forgotten
  • Words at the beginning of the list

    Transferred through rehearsal into the LTM
  • Words at the end of the list

    Still in the STM which aided in the recall
  • However, there is research evidence

    Criticises the MSM'S view that the LTM is unitary
  • Clive wearing contracted a viral infection

    • Caused extensive brain damage
    • Lost his Long term declarative memory e.g. he had no memory of his wedding
    • Still had his long term procedural memory intact as he was able to play the piano
  • The MSM believes that the LTM is unitary and in its simplest form

    This view is contradicted by Clive Wearing
  • Clive Wearing demonstrates that our LTM can be compartmentalised further into LT procedural and declarative
  • Strength of cognitive interview

    • There is research evidence to support that the cognitive interview is effective
  • Geiselman (1885) study

    • Participants watched a film of a violent crime and were interviewed after 48 hours using cognitive interview, standard interview, or interview using hypnosis
    • Cognitive interview had the highest average number of correctly recalled facts at 41.2, hypnosis was 38.0, and standard interview was 29.4
  • The Geiselman study supports the cognitive interviews as effective because participants recalled more relevant information in comparison to the other methods and it shows that cognitive interview led to better memory for events
  • Another strength of cognitive interviews
    • There is supporting evidence for it in real world studies
  • Fisher et al (1989) study

    • 16 experienced police officers in Miami conducted 2 interviews on 47 witnesses/victims of shop lifting or mugging incident
    • 7 police officers used the cognitive interview, and 9 police officers used the standard interview (control group)
  • The results from the Fisher et al study showed that the cognitive interview led to better recall of information compared to the standard interview