pre-1900’s poems
Cards (78)
- the scrunity: key ideasjoygreed/selfishnesseroticismgratification
- the scrunity: contextcaviler poet who was a royalist strong beliefs and allegiance with the monarchylove and war experiencestypically quite arrogantread aloud and sung to other men
- the scrunity: aboutwitty argument regarding promiscuityobjectifying and materialising womenforswearing a promise to a women he spent with the night before that he will return and only has feelings for her
- the scrutiny: imagery + languageassonance=dissatisfactionwar imagery=urge to conquerpossessive pronouns at the start showing his prioritising his needs over herschange in tense, trochee and sarcasm shows his fickle feelingscaesura=unlikelihood of returntetrameterdramatic monologue
- at an inn: key ideaslonginginconsistent loveunobtainable love
- at an inn: contextagnostic individualvictorian realismgreat wealth change under queen victoriabased of an auto-biographical event of the george inn with a high status women- Florence henniker whom hardy was proud to be withlove outside of marriage was forbiddendrinking with another woman outside of marriage was deemed at inappropriate
- at an inn: aboutABAB rhyme scheme= predictablecyclical structure = together but separatedbegins with certainty but allusions thickenhardys persepctive on a womans behalf so persumptions and assumptionslove that could never belove that could've been but never allowed to developlove that is shaped by society's conventionslong lines of iambic tetrameter and shoirt diameters= unequal and unbalanced power
- at an inn: imagery + languageallusions to deathalliteration and assonance emphasising the divideeuphemisms and marriage referencesyoung, reminiscent lovecompelling emotive streak but resigned to fate because of society's strict conventionsquick pace with criticisms of supernatural forces and religioncosmic imagerycaesura= unlikelihood and interruption of lovemetaphor- barrier of class, old relationship and visions of new lovetone is distressed and frustratedimportance of time plus the difference of then vs now
- la belle dame: key ideaslove endsdeception in love
- la belle dame: contextlate romantic poetbelieved art was permanent and love was transientbelieved keats was the representation of the knightstereotypical stages of patriarchy as men is active but also reversed as the man is also passivepossibly knew he was dying at age 26 from TBbased on medieval/chivalric romance with a man on a horse and an old french courthis brother was taken advantage of by his lover and diedquestioned his love for his neighbourking george iii was ill at the time
- la belle dame: aboutlove, beauty and joy is short-livedphysical attraction and seduction is misleading and deceivinghuman characters take on supernatural forcesrevolutionary idea that the man is at fault instead of the womanballad=song with a simple/traditional storyabc rhyme scheme where lines 2 and 4 rhyme2 speakers=knight and unnamedexplores heartbreak and loveknight bases his own successes on his love interests leading to a tragic endingline between reality and imagination
- la belle dame: imagery and langideas of gifts and flowerssleep, dreams and nightmares in stanzas 9 and 11motif of slow deathlanguage doesn't change between 2 speakers =deceptivedisingenuous, ambiguous, uncertain and deceivingepistrophe=change in tense - different dimensionperversion of language=insisting - suspiciousen medias res, assonance, medieval lang and a slow tonebiblical refrences and euphemismsfantasy links=unsubstantial lovefalling rhythmcyclically structured=trapped and unprogressivelyrepeated sentence frames
- sonnet 116: key ideasmasculinity/emotionidealistic lovecourtly lovetime
- sonnet 116: contextduring elizabeths reign, feelings were more liberated resulting in a sonnet crazelinks to shakespeares wife, anne hathaway, who was 8 years older than himcontinued to have affairs after 116one of 154 fair youth sonnetsone recipent, earl of Southampton, who boguht these off shakerspera - possible homosexual links
- sonnet 116: abouttrue love cannot be altered or bent even if one departslove is continued like the sonnets continued framepronouncements of nature and lovelove has similar guiding attributes to the metaphor of a light housecannot put value on lovewritten in quatrainsiambic pentameter
- sonnet 116: imagery and languageextended metaphor of stars and lighthousepersonification of death linking it to the grim reeperends in a rhyming couplet = factual and complete
- who so list: key ideaslustviolencepossessionunobtainable loveagency/freedom
- who so list: contextgoddess diane=depicted as a deer who was the goddess of virginity and hunting and 1/3 maiden goddesses who swore never to marrywyatt was courting anne boleyn by sending her love letters and poems which were all published after his death to avoid harm from the kinghe was imprisoned for alleged adultery in 1536read for other men to listen to
- who so list: aboutsonnet from: octave=wanting to find and keep the deersestate=letting go and passing the burden onwritten from the perspective of a man appearing the woman to be voicelesswriting from the perspective of the speaker trying to court a woman who is unavailable
- who so list: imagery and languageextended metaphor of a deerABAB rhyme scheme is trapped at beginning but more solidified at the endtrochee of 'o' shows exasperated and torturous longingappears as effortless, unheroic and unromantic
- she walks in beauty: key ideasinfatuationadmirationphysical attractionsobsessive love
- she walks in beauty: contextleading romantic poetaffair with his step sisterdied fighting the greek civil waroriginally written for the 'hebrew melodies'romantic poetry= emotions over nature and deep senses of the natural worldinspired by a lady at a party=lady willmott horton
- she walks in beauty: aboutdescribes women's inner and outer beauty the speaker is intensely enchanted bycombinations of personality and attraction which deeply attracts himlyric poemdirect addressiambic pentametertraditionally written for hymns3rd personeach stanza id dedicated to a different aspect of her beauty
- she walks in beauty: imagery and languagemetrical inversion of 'meet'emphasises feminie beauty so a possible criticism of the superficalharsh consonant sounds reflecting romantic poetryextended similes of eyes like the stars=superlativeiambic pentameter is synchronised with her heartbeat and footstepssyntactic parallels of dark vs light=contrast and comparisondark vs light=omen and unconventionalconnotations of virginitymetonymy at end= whole representation of womentriplets and intensifiers=claustrophobic and complex aspects of love
- to his coy mistress: key ideasmetaphysicalphysicalcarpe diemtimebiblicalromance
- to his coy mistress: contextpolitics had huge impact on his lifehe disappeared to europe for long periods of his lifejust after civil warwritten during the renaissance (time of purity) so published after in 1681 where feelings were more sexually liberatedphoebus appolo=god of suncarpe diem='seizing the day' and 'living in the moment'metaphysical=more serious issues like time and religion
- to his coy mistress: aboutspeaker trying to persuade a woman to par-take in sexual acts because time is shortincludes biblical references, geographical location and double entendre
- to his coy mistress: imagery and languagelinks to shakespeareoctosyllabic=light-hearted and unitysyllogism= logical argument in 3 parts: 2 problems and 1 conclusiongrotesque imageryhyperbolic statementspersonification of timesexual references
- remember: key ideashow to mournhow to rememberdeathdespairmemory
- remember: contextpeculiar obsession with deathwrote poem at 19had first mental breakdown at 14deeply religiousnever married to her devotion of religionvictorians had high expectations of mourning and deathvictorians held high moral standards but were very immoral peoplewrote goblins market (volume of poems) in 1862had italian scholar parentsexposed to death and illness at a very young age
- remember: aboutemotional and physical controlpleading her lover to remember her after death rather than fall into despairends like a farewell between 2 loversconstant revision in how it means to remember and to love
- remember: imagery and languagesonnet from: octave=pleading her lover to remember her urging him not to fall into depairsestate=selflessanadiplosis of "remember"=permanent disconnection of deatheuphemisms of the afterlifevolta=shift in emotiondirect adressstrict iambic pentameter structure reflecting speakers strained speechstrong, defeatist tone resembling the inevitability of death therefore feeling powerless
- non sum qualis: key ideasre capturment of old lovelost loveunrequited loveobsession
- non sum qualis: contextleading romantic poetstudied at oxford university joining the male rymers clubshocking poemtraumatic upbringing: dad kills himself because of terminal illness of TB, mum hangs herself and he dies of alcoholism at age 32proposed to a 11 year old at age of 23 who rejected himdecodent poet: sexual experimentation, sensuality, romanticism, gothic imagery, devotion to catholic churches, no interest in politics, ennui (boredom over hard work) and artificial over natureideas originated from the odes book
- non sum qualis: about
- Misses his lover deeply
- Tries to distract themselves with alcohol, parties and other women
- Can't escape the love
- non sum qualis: aboutIf there is true love nothing else matters
- non sum qualis: about
- Seeks to replace love and emotions with physical consumption
- non sum qualis: about
- 4 stanzas with 6 lines
- ABABCBA rhyme scheme showing inconsistency
- Iambic hexameter=monotonous
- non sum qualis: about
- Cyclical structure to the first poem in entire anthology
- Bleak ending
- non sum qualis: about
- Internal rhyme
- Confession gets progressively worse after him under-toning and minimising his mistakes