Endocrine system

• The endocrine system is responsible for the release of hormones into the bloodstream.
• Hormones are responsible for the regulation of the body's internal environment.
• The pineal gland is responsible for melatonin secretion and circadian rhythms
• The pineal gland is located in the brain and secretes melatonin, which is a hormone that regulates sleep and wake cycles
• The adrenal gland is located on top of the kidneys
• The adrenal medulla produces epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
• Epinephrine increases heart rate, constricts blood vessels, dilates airways, and stimulates glucose production
• Norepinephrine increases heart rate, constricts blood vessels, and dilates airways
• The Adrenal cortex is located in the outer part of the adrenal gland
• The adrenal cortex produces steroid hormones such as aldosterone, cortisol, and sex hormones
• The thymus is a gland that produces T lymphocytes.
• The thymus is located behind the breastbone, in front of the heart and between the lungs
• The hypothalamus is responsible for maintaining temperature and appetite
• The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus
• The hypothalamus is responsible for maintaining homeostasis
• The pituitary gland is responsible for the release of hormones that control the endocrine system.
• The pituitary gland is located in the base of the brain
• The anterier lobe is responsible for secreting growth hormones
• The posterior lobe is responsible for secreting hormones
• The thyroid gland is located in the neck and produces thyroxine, responsible for regulating growth, development and metabolism
• Parathyroid glands are four small glands located on the back surface of the thyroid gland
• The parathyroid gland is repsonsible for the regulation of calcium levels in the blood.
• Adrenal glands are two triangular-shaped organs that sit above the kidneys
• The pancreas is behind the stomach, between the spleen and duodenum
• Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment.