music 4th quarter

• what is vocal music - refers to music that is performed by singer, either with instrumental accompaniment or a capella
• what is romantic music - it's a style of music that originated in the late 18th century and continued into the early 20th century
• this style is characterized by a focus or emotion and individualism as well as a departure from the conventions of classical music - romantic music
• the opera composers of the romantic period are - Giuseppe Verdi, Richard Wagner, Gaetano Donizetti, Vincenzo Bellini, and Gioachino Rossini
• opera - is a form of musical theater that combines music, drama, and visual arts to tell a story
• opera - it typically involves singers and musicals performing on a stage with costume, sets, and sometimes dance
• component of an opera - libretto, music, singers, orchestra, chorus, sets, costumes, lighting, and dance
• libretto - the text or script
• music - composed by a composers
• singers - who performed the roles
• orchestra - musical accompaniment
• chorus - group singing
• sets - the physical environment
• types of singing voices - soprano, mezzo soprano, contralto, tenor, bass
• soprano - highest female voice
• mezzo soprano - medium female voice
• contralto - lowest female voice
• tenor - highest male voice
• bass - lowest male voice
• dynamics - in opera refers to the varying levels of volume in singing
• planissimo - very soft
• fortissimo - very loud
• Giuseppe Verdi - known for his grand, dramatic operas
• Giuseppe Verdi - was one of the most popular opera composer of the 19th century.
• Giuseppe Verdi - some of his most popular works included " la traviata ", " aida ", and '' rigoletto "
• Richard Wagner - his operas were known for their epic scale and innovative use of harmony and orhestration
• Richard Wagner - some of his most famous works included " tristan und isolde " , " die walkure " , and " the ring of the nibelung "
• Gioachino Rossini - he was known for his sparkling, virtuosic vocal writing and his energetic, comic operas
• Gioachino Rossini - some of his most famous work include " the barber of seville ", " william tell ", and " la cenerentola "
• Gaetano Donizetti - he was known for his bel canto style of vocal writing and his ability to create memorable and expressive melodies
• Gaetano Donizetti - some of his most famous works include " lucia pi hammer moor ", " l' elisir d' amore ", and " don pasavole "
• Vincenzo Bellini - like Donizetti, he was known for his bel canto style of vocal writing and his expression melodies  
• Vincenzo Bellini - some of his most famous works include " norma ", " la sonnambula "