TLE B

• Cyber safety


  The ability to act in a safe and responsible manner on the Internet and other connected environments. These behaviors protect personal information and reputation and include safe practices to minimize danger online.
• BE SMART ON THE INTERNET


  • Stay Safe
  • Don't Meet Up
  • Accepting files
  • Reliable
  • Tell Someone
• Cybercrime


  Criminal activity that either targets or uses a computer, a computer network or a networked device. Cybercrime is committed by cybercriminals or hackers who want to make money.
• Cybercrime is carried out by individuals or organizations.
• Cybercrime


  Cybercrime aims to damage computers for reasons other than profit. These could be political or personal.
• Examples of cybercrime


  • Email and internet fraud
  • Identity fraud
  • Theft of financial or card payment
  • Theft and sale of corporate data
  • Cyberextortion
  • Ransomware attacks
  • Crypto jacking
  • Cyberespionage
• 3 Main Categories of Cybercrime


  • Criminal activity that targets
  • Criminal activity that uses computers to commit other crimes
  • Cybercrime that targets computers often involves viruses and other types of malware
• Cyberbullying


  The use of the Internet and related technologies to harm other people, a bullying with the use of digital technologies. It can take place on social media, messaging platforms, gaming platforms and mobile phones. It is repeated behavior, aimed at scaring, angering or shaming those who are targeted.
• Cyberbullying


  1. Cyberbullying is a crime. 2. If you're being cyberbullied, there are things you can do to protect yourself.
• 10 Tips for Cyber Safety

  • Create complex passwords
  • Boost your network security
  • Use a firewall
  • Click smart
  • Be a selective sharer
  • Protect your mobile life
  • Practice safe surfing and shopping
  • Keep up to date
  • Lookout for the latest scams
  • Keep your guard up
• The abacus is a simple device. It is believed to be over 2500 years old and originated in Babylonia. It was improved by Chinese.
• Roman Abacus

  • It was simply a wax tablet with a sandy surface or a slab of rock marked with Roman numerals.​
  • Pebbles were used as counters.​
  • They called such pebbles as calculi from which the word calculation came from.
• Chinese Abacus - Consisted of a wooden frame with 13 rods or columns which represent the digits of a particular number. Each rod has 2 beads on top (heaven) and 5 beads below (earth).
• John Napier


  A Scottish theologian and mathematician, became famous for his discovery of logarithms. He invented in 1617 the Napier's bones.
• Napier Bones (1617)


  Reduced complex multiplication and division problems to simpler problems of addition. It consisted of 10 rods made of ivory on which were engraved the multiplication table. These calculating rods were manipulated by placing the sticks side by side such that it was possible to multiply and divide large numbers.
• William Oughtred


  An English mathematician, invented slide rule in 1632 with Edmund Gunter.
• Slide Rule (1632)


  Consisted of a movable ruler placed between two fixed and marked rulers. By sliding and positioning rulers based on some rules, one could easily multiply, divide, extract square roots and compute for other mathematical values.
• Blaise Pascal


  A French philosopher and mathematician, was only 19 years old when he invented the Pascaline in 1642. He did it because he wanted to help his father, a tax collector, in calculating tax revenues.
• Pascaline (1642)


  Used gearwheels that run to complete addition or subtraction. It could add or subtract numbers up to 8 digits. The wheels or the dials are simply twisted to set the numbers to be added or subtracted. It had a movable slat for addition or subtraction.
• Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz


  A German mathematician, further developed Pascal's adding machine. In 1674, he designed a mechanical calculating machine capable of multiplication, division and finding square roots of numbers.
• Leibniz Calculator (1674)


  Performed multiplication through repeated subtraction. It included a hand crank that drove stepped wheels to quickly perform multiplication and division. This calculator is also called Stepped Reckoner.
• Joseph-Marie Jacquard


  A French weaver and merchant. He played an important role in the development of the earliest programmable loom, which in turn played an important role in the development of other programmable machines, such as an early version of digital compiler to develop the modern day computer.
• Jacquard Loom (1801)


  Was an automatic loom controlled by punched cards. The holes on the cards were strategically punched to control the placement of threads to create patterns or designs to be woven by the loom.
• Although Jacquard loom was not a computer, it had strongly influenced the development of the punched card that was used for the early computers.
• Charles Babbage


  An English mathematician, wanted to build a machine that can do many tasks with given data and instructions. He is known as the father of modern computers. The first calculating device designed by Babbage in 1822 was called the difference engine.
• Difference Engine (1822)


  Could be used to calculate and print mathematical tables.
• Lady Ada Augusta Byron - King


  An English mathematician who was also interested in machines worked with Babbage during the development of the analytical engine. She is known as the first computer programmer.
• Analytical Engine (1834)


  Contained the essential parts of a computer system: an input unit, an output unit, a memory unit, and a processing unit which are all controlled by the control unit.
• Dr. Herman Hollerith


  An American statistician, developed a tabulating device and card sorter for the 1890 U. S. census.
• Electric Tabulating System (1890)


  The first electromechanical system for recording, compiling and tabulating data. The punched cards were used to record data, which were coded as holes in the cards. Using his machine, electricity passed through these holes. This electricity would turn on the motors which would give out the totals.
• EAM Era


  The period marked by the inventions and use of electromechanical devices and components. These devices were designed mainly to perform a single task and simple arithmetic operations. Punch-card technology had improved more punch-card devices were invented with more sophisticated capabilities.
• Howard Hathaway Aiken


  An American, designed and built the first electromechanical computer called Mark I. This machine was completed in 1944.
• Mark I (1944)


  Was essentially a collection of electromechanical calculators. It was used extensively by the U.S. Army for the complex mathematical computations in designing and testing of weapons systems during World War II.
•         John Napier - 1617

  
• napiers bones 1617

  
• william oughtred

  
• slide rule 1632

  
• blaise pascal

  
• pascaline 1642

  
• gottfried wilhelm von leibiz