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ORGANIC CHEM
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Subdecks (13)
DEFINITIONS
ORGANIC CHEM
114 cards
ORGANIC SYNTHESIS
ORGANIC CHEM
39 cards
HALOGENOALKANES
ORGANIC CHEM
9 cards
ALCOHOLS
ORGANIC CHEM
10 cards
AlKENES
ORGANIC CHEM
15 cards
ALKANES
ORGANIC CHEM
15 cards
AMINO ACIDS + PROTEINS + DNA
ORGANIC CHEM
28 cards
POLYMERISATION
ORGANIC CHEM
14 cards
AMINES
ORGANIC CHEM
19 cards
AROMATIC
ORGANIC CHEM
17 cards
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS + ESTERS
ORGANIC CHEM
21 cards
ALDEHYDES + KETONES
ORGANIC CHEM
10 cards
ISOMERS
ORGANIC CHEM
9 cards
Cards (331)
Aldehydes
Organic compounds recognised by the functional group
-CHO
containing a
carbonyl
group (C=O)
Aldehydes
Produced from the initial
oxidation
and
distillation
of 1o alcohols
Readily oxidise further in the presence of
acidified potassium dichromate
to produce
carboxylic acids
Aldehydes
Oxidation
of 1o alcohols to produce
aldehydes
Tollen's reagent
or
Fehling's solution
Tests used to detect the presence of
aldehydes
Ketones
Organic compounds recognised by the functional group
-C=O
, a
carbonyl
group
Ketones
Produced from the
oxidation
of 2o alcohols with
acidified potassium dichromate
No further oxidation of ketones
Produce no
visible change
with both
Tollen's
reagent and Fehling's solution
Reduction of aldehydes and ketones
1. Using a
reducing
agent of NaBH4
2. Example of
nucleophilic
addition
Nucleophilic addition reactions with :CN- nucleophile
1. Causes the carbon chain to be
extended
by
one
carbon atom
2. Produces a
hydroxy-nitrile
Hydroxy-nitriles
Commonly contain a
chiral
carbon centre meaning
optical
isomers of the product exist
The :
CN-
nucleophile can attack from either above or below the
double
bond, causing different enantiomers to be produced
Naming
hydroxynitriles
The carbon on the nitrile group is included in the carbon chain and is taken to be carbon number
one
Hydroxynitrile
2-hydroxypropanenitrile
See all 331 cards