Foundation

• Foundation of physiological Psychology

  Biological explanation of behavior
• Physiological explanation


  Explanations of a person's physiology functions and how those functions affect a person's behavior
• Ontogenetic Explanation


  Describes how behavior develops over a lifetime. This includes the genes, nutrition and experiences of a person
• Evolutionary explanation


  Focuses upon the genetic history of a behavior
• Functional explanation


  Describes why a structure or behavior evolved as it did
• Mendelian Genetics


  Gregor Mendel demonstrated that inheritance occurs through genes
• Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)


  DNA is a double-stranded chemical that contains genetic information
• Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)


  RNA is a single stranded chemical that can serve as a model for the synthesis of proteins
• Dominant genes


  Shows a strong effect in either the homozygous or heterozygous condition
• Recessive Genes


  Shows its effects only in the homozygous
• Type of genes


  • Sex-limited Genes
  • Sex-lined genes
  • Auto-somal Genes
• Mutation


  Change in a single gene that is rare, random and independent of needs of the organism
• Recombination


  New combination of genes in the off-spring that yield characteristics not found in parents
• Epigenetic

  The study of how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work
• Histones

  A family of basic proteins that associate with DNA in the nucleus and have condensed into chromatin
• Heredity


  The mechanism used to pass the message of inheritance from one generation to the next
• Hereditability


  A measure of how well differences in people's genes account for differences in their traits
• Monozygotic (MZ) Twins


  Are conceived when a single egg fertilized by a single sperm splits into two after fertilization
• Dizygotic (DZ) twins


  Are conceived when two eggs are fertilized by two different sperms
• Phenylketonuria (PKU)


  An inherited disorder that increases the level of substance called phenylalanine in the blood
• Phenylalanine


  A building block of proteins that is obtained through diet
• How Genes Influence behavior


  A gene produces a protein that interacts with the rest of the body chemistry and with the environment
• A gene could influence your behavior, even without being expressing your brain
• The Effects of heredity & Environment

  It is easily recognized that both genes and the environment influence behavior and scientists, studying behavior focuses on the interaction between these two factors
• Genes, via their influences on morphology and physiology create a framework within which the environment active shapes the behavior of an individual animal</b>
• Genes create scaffold for learning, memory and cognition, remarkable mechanism that allow animals to acquire and information about their environment for using shipping their behavior
• The environment can affect morphological and physiological development; behavior develops of animal's shape, and internal working
• Biological purpose of procreate


  We have evolved to behave in ways that we are going to help our survival
• Survival of the fittest

  Survival of the best adapted to procreate
• Evolutionary Explanation of behavior


  To explain how the behavior help us to survive and procreate