Biology 4 Erin

Created by

Cards (392)

Where are eukaryotic cells found  
Animals, plants, fungi and protists
how big are eukaryotic cells
10-100 micrometers
what is a eukaryote
an organism made up of eukaryotic cells
what type of cells are bacteria
prokaryotic
how big are prokaryotic cells
0.1 - 5.0 micrometers
what is a prokaryote  
an organism made up of prokaryotic cells
what is the name of the small rings of DNA in prokaryotic cells
plasmids
plasmids can replicate and move between cells so that genetic information can be shared
what takes place in the mitochondria
respiration
what type of cell do not contain mitochondria
prokaryotic cells
which type of cells do not contain chloroplasts
prokaryotic cells
what takes place in chloroplasts
Photosynthesis
prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
where is the generic material of a prokaryotic cells stored
in a single DNA loop in the cytoplasm
name the sub-cellular structures present in an ANIMAL cell
cell membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, cytoplasm
what does the cell membrane separate
interior of the cells from the environment outside
the cell membrane is selectively permeable
what does selectively permeable mean
it can control substances moving in and out of the cell
What does the nucleus contain
Chromosomes
what do chromosomes contain
cells genetic material
what are the ribosomes responsible for
synthesising proteins
what happens in the mitochondria
aerobic respiration takes place
what is aerobic respiration
process which uses glucose and oxygen to release energy
what happens in the cytoplasm
most of the cells chemical reactions
what is the cytoplasm
jelly like fluid that fills the cell
name the sub cellular structures typically found in a PLANT cell
cell membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, cytoplasm, permanent vacuole, chloroplasts and cell wall
what are the three sub cellular structures that a plant cell contains that an animal cell doesn’t
permanent vacuole, chloroplasts and cell wall
what is the permanent vacuole
fluid filled sac that stores water. it is enclosed in a membrane (a wall that substances can pass through)
what are the chloroplasts + function
contain chlorophyll which is needed for photosynthesis
What is the cell wall + function
Surrounds the cell and is made of cellulose, increases the structural strength of the cell
name the sub cellular structures present in prokaryotic cells
cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, flagella, plasmids, ribosomes
function of the flagella
whip like structures used for movement
what are plasmids  
small rings of DNa
What are specialised cells  
Can perform a specific function
sections of a sperm cell
acrosome, head, middle section, tail
purpose of the head in a sperm cell
contains nucleus which carries one half of an organisms genetic material. combines with the egg cells other half to fertilise the egg cell
purpose of acrosome in sperm cell  
at the tip of the head, contains and enzyme needed to penetrate an egg cell
purpose of the middle section of a sperm cell
filled with mitochondria to provide sperm with energy needed to travel long distance
purpose of tail on the sperm cell
cells motion
the egg cell is fertilised by a sperm cell to become a zygote (which grows into an embryo)