Community Organization and Health Programs in the Philippine

• It is the the science of preventing diseases, prolonging life, and promoting health and efficiency through organize community effort

  Community health/ public health
• What are the categories of community/public health?

  *Environmental sanitation

  *Control of community infection

  *Education of the individual in principles of personal hygiene

  *Organization of medical and nursing services for early diagnosis and preventive treatment of diseases

  *Development of social machinery
• What are the two broad areas in preventive medicine?

  Public Health and Risk factor evaluation
• programs and activities directed at community level and will benefit everyone or individuals who are not currently under the care of physician.

  public health
• • directed at individuals who are currently under the care of physician

  Risk factor evaluation
• *status of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity regarded as person’s physical and psychological capacity to establish and maintain balance.

  • successful defense of the host against forces landing to disturb body equilibrium

  health
• failure of the body defense mechanism to cope with forces tending to disturb body equilibrium.

  Disease
• what are the aspects of health?

  physical, mental, and social health
• maintain a strong and healthy body

  physical health
• how a person thinks of himself, control his emotions and adjust to environment.

  mental health
• ways a person feels, think and acts towards everybody around him

  Social health
• • higher income and social status are linked to better health

  Income and social status-
• • low education levels are linked with poor health, more stress and lower self confidence

  Education
• safe water and clean air, healthy workplace, safe houses, communities and roads all contribute to good health.

  Physical environment
• people in employment are healthier, particularly those who have more control over their working conditions

  Employment and working conditions
• • greater support from families, friends and communities is linked to a better health

  Social support networks
• customs, traditions and the beliefs of the family and community all affect the health

  Culture
• • inheritance plays a part in determining lifespan, healthiness and the likelihood of developing certain illness

  Genetics
• balanced eating, keeping active, smoking, drinking and how to deal with life’s stresses and challenges all affect health

  Personal behavior and coping skills
• • access and use of services that prevent and treat disease influence health 10. Gender- men and women suffer from different types of diseases at different ages.

  . Health services
• men and women suffer from different types of diseases at different ages.

  . Gender
• essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford at every stage of development. (WHO)


  PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (PHC) AS AN APPROACH TO DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES
• Elements of PHC?


  Environmental sanitation 2. Control of communicable disease 3. Immunization 4. Health Education 5. MCH and Family Planning 6. Adequate Food and Proper Nutrition 7. Provision of Medical Care and Emergency Treatment 8. Treatment of Locally Endemic Diseases 9. Provision of Essential
• Four pillars/cornerstones in PHC?

  1. Active community participation 2. Intra and inter-sectoral linkages 3. Use of appropriate technology 4. Support mechanism made available
• LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE FACILITIES

  Primary Health Care, Secondary health care, Tertiary health care
• rural health units, their sub-centers, chest clinics, malaria eradication units, and schistosomiasis control units; puericulture centers, tuberculosis clinics, private clinics, clinics operated by large industrial firms, community hospitals, health centers and other health facilities.

  Primary Health Care
• non-departmentalized hospitals including emergency and regional hospitals

  Secondary health care
• • medical centers and large hospitals

  Tertiary health care
• LEVELS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE WORKERS?

  1. Village or grassroot health workers
  2. Intermediate level health workers
  3. First line hospital personnel
• first contacts • socio-economic • curative and preventive • Community health worker, volunteers or traditional birth attendants

  Village or grassroot health workers
• • first source • provide support • attends to health problems • Medical practitioners, nurses and midwives

  Intermediate level health workers
• establish close contact • backup health services • Physicians with specialty, nurses, dentist, pharmacists, other health professionals

  First line hospital personnel
• health care provided by center physicians, public health nurse, rural midwives, barangay health workers, traditional healers and others at the barangay health stations and rural health units. First contact between the community members and the other levels of health facility.


  Primary level of care
• *Given by physicians with basic health training. It is usually given in health facilities privately owned or government operated

  • serves as the referral center for the primary health facilities

  • capable of performing minor surgeries and perform some simple laboratory examinations

  Secondary level of care
• *rendered by specialist in health facilities including medical centers as well as regional and provincial hospitals and specialized hospitals.

  • Complicated cases and intensive care

  Tertiary level of care
• • Working together to help people help themselves, not merely to survive but also achieve the maximum potential

  Concept of Community health
• Four priorities in public health?

  1. Survival of man 2. Prevention of condition which lead to destruction or retardation of human function and potential in the years of life 3. Achievement of human potential and prevention of the loss of productivity of young adults and those on the middle period of life 4. Improvement of the quality of life, especially in the later years.
• Give 5 STRUCTURE OF PHILIPPINE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM health resources


  • Rural Health Unit (RHU) and their sub-centers • Chest clinics, Malaria Eradication Units and Schistosomiasis Control Unit • Tuberculosis clinics and Hospitals of the PTBs • Private Clinics • Clinics run by PMA • Community Hospitals and Health services Centers run by Philippine Medical Care Commission (PMCC) • Voluntary Health Facilities run by religious and civic groups.
• Three divisions of health care delivery system

  . Government .

  Mixed Sectors

  . Private Sectors
• mostly the Department of Health is the primary government agency that is responsible in the field of health

  Government