Physics Paper 1

• System


  An object or group of objects
• Kinetic energy


  The energy an object has due to its motion
• Chemical energy


  Energy stored in chemical bonds
• Gravitational potential energy


  Potential energy that depends on the height of an object
• Elastic potential energy


  Energy stored by something that can stretch or compress
• Internal (thermal) energy


  The total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object.
• Electrostatic energy


  Potential energy that results from the interaction of charged particles
• Magnetic energy


  The energy stored when repelling poles are pushed closer or attracting poles are pulled further apart
• Nuclear energy


  Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
• Law of Conservation of Energy

  Energy cannot be created or destroyed
• Mechanical (transfer of energy)

  Energy transferred when a force is involved
• Electrical (transfer of energy)


  Energy transferred via electrical current
• Heating (transfer of energy)


  Energy transferred when there is a change in temperature
• Radiation (transfer of energy)


  Energy transferred by light or other electromagnetic waves)
• Specific heat capacity


  The energy required to raise the temperature of one kg of a substance by one degree Celsius
• Power


  Rate at which energy is transferred

  or

  Rate at which work is done
• Units of power


  Watts (W)
• Unit of energy


  Joules (J)
• Closed system


  A system in which no matter is allowed to enter or leave
• What are the 3 fossil fuels?

  Coal, oil, natural gas
• Renewable energy


  A resource that is being replenished as it is used
• Unrenewable energy


  A resource that cannot be replenished in a single lifetime
• Bio-fuel


  Fuel made from plants and plant or animal waste
• Wind energy


  The energy captured by transforming the motion of air into electrical energy using a turbine
• Nuclear fuel


  Fuel derived from radioactive materials that give off energy
• Hydroelectric energy


  Energy obtained from flowing water. Usually involved building a dam
• Geothermal energy


  Energy from steam or hot water produced from hot or molten underground rocks.
• Tidal energy


  Energy that comes from the movement of water driven by the gravitational pull of the Moon.
• Solar energy


  Energy from the sun
• Symbol for a switch (open)

  
• Symbol for a switch (closed)

  
• Symbol for a cell

  
• Symbol for a battery

  
• Symbol for a diode

  
• Symbol for a resistor

  
• Symbol for a variable resistor

  
• Symbol for an LED (light emitting diode)

  
• Symbol for a lamp

  
• Symbol for a fuse

  
• Symbol for a voltmeter