B cells and Production of Antibodies (1&2)

• what type of gene rearrangment do B cells undergo

  successive
• what are B cells derived from

  common lymphoid progenitor cells
• what is the earliest committed B cell

  pro B cell
• what do activated B cells produce

  memory cells

  plasma cells
• what determines B cell development

  stromal cells
• .

  A) HSC

  B) lymphoid cell

  C) pro b cell

  D) pre b cell

  E) immature b cell

  F) mature b cell

  
• .

  A) mature b cell

  B) activated b cell

  C) memory b cell

  D) plasma cell

  E) IgG

  F) IgA

  G) IgE

  
• what do HSCs differentiate into

  multipotent progenitor cells
• what does Vh code for

  V D and J
• what does Vl code for

  V and J
• what mechanism is used for recombination

  VDJ recombinase
• what does differential splicing do

  change amino acid structure
• what does junctional diversity do

  add nucleotides to form a new codon
• what happens if heavy chain allele 1 is successful

  heavy chain allele 2 is not rearranged
• what happens if heavy chain allele 1 is unsuccessful

  heavy chain allele 2 is rearranged
• what does receptor editing do

  rescue B cells with poor affinity
• what cells use receptor editing most commonly

  light chain and TCR-alpha genes
• where do B cells move once they move out of bone marrow

  secondary lymphoid tissue
• what forms follicular dendritic cells

  mesenchymal precursors
• what does a mature B cell + antigen form

  activated B cell
• what does the extracellular component of the B cell receptor complex contain

  Ig like domains
• what does the intracellular component of the B cell receptor complex contain

  ITAMs
• what does ITAM stand for

  immunoreceptor tyrosine based activation motif
• what occurs during class switching

  constant heavy chain genes are changed

  variable heavy and light genes are rearranged
• what are the steps of the B cell activation process

  antigen cross linking of BCRs

  engagement of BCR with co receptor complex

  interaction with Th cell
• what process is CD19 involved in

  B cell activation process
• where are germinal centres found

  secondary lymphoid tissue
• what would a deficiency in CD40L result in 


  no germinal centres
• what do resting B cells express in B cell chemokine signalling

  CXCR5
• what do activated t cells express in B cell chemokine signalling

  CXCR5
• what do activated follicular B cells do

  allow B cells to move towards cell boundary
• what do active follicular B cells express in B cell chemokine signalling

  CCR7
• what cell reduces expression of CCR7 in B cell chemokine signalling 


  activated T cells
• what does the use of IL-21 lead to

  STAT pathway
• what does the use of CD40L lead to

  anti apoptosis
• what type of cell is found mainly in the dark zone

  proliferating B cell
• what do centroblasts express

  CXCR4 and CXCR5
• what does AID stand for

  activation induced cytidine deaminase
• when is the AID enzyme used

  somatic hypermutation

  class switich
• what does AID do

  converts C into U in DNA

  repair pathways change the nucleotide to the correct one