It is a structural axis that supports the flowers, fruits, and leaves of a plant.
Stem
What are the main functions of plant stems?
Support
Transport
Food Storage
Food Manufacturer
It connects the other organs of the plant.
Stem
What are the two basic kinds of stem?
HerbaceousStem
WoodyStem
This kind of stem is soft, green, and flexible.
Herbaceous
This kind of stem contain thick, tough tissue (wood).
Woody
The cell wall of herbaceous stems are made of...
Cellulose
The cell wall of woody stems are made of...
Cellulose and Lignin
It is a modified horizontal stems aboveground.
Stolons
It is a modified underground stems that grow horizontally.
Rhizomes
It is a modified usually swollen, underground stems that store nutrients and starch.
Tubers
It is a modified stem. They are large buds surrounded by numerous fleshy leaves. It has fibrous roots at the base and contains basal plate and tunic.
Bulbs
It is a short, solid, swollen stem whose scales have been reduced to a dry, leaf-life covering. It lacks visible storage leaves.
Corms
Crocus and Gladiolus are examples of...
Corms
The stem of ginger and fern is...
Rhizomes
The stem of a strawberry plant is...
Stolon
It is also called "runners" because in many plants, they run along the surface of the soil.
Stolons
It is a point on the stem from which leaves or buds arise.
Node
It is the portion between two successive nodes.
Internode
It is an undeveloped or embryonic shoot that may develop into a flower or leaf. It normally occurs in the axil of a leaf or at the tip of a stem.
Buds
What are the two types of buds?
Terminal
Axillary (lateral)
This type of bud is located at the tip of a stem.
Terminal Buds
This type of bud is located at the axil (where leaves develop) of a leaf.
Axillary Buds
Axillary Buds are also called...
Lateral Buds
This is where leaves develop.
Axil
The vascular bundle of monocot stems are...
Scattered
The vascular bundle of dicot stems are...
Ringed
The ground tissue of these stems are usually not clearly separated into Pith and Cortex.
Monocot Stems
Most monocots have no secondary growth.
True
Inside this stem, vascular bundles form a ring that divides the ground tissue into Cortex and Pith.
Dicot Stem
It arises between the xylem and phloem, and it forms a cylinder and produces secondary xylem to the inside and secondary phloem to the outside. This secondary growth makes the stem wider and thicker.
Vascular Cambium
It is a dark wood located at the center of the tree trunk, and serves as the supporting pillar of the tree.
Heartwood
It is often lighter colored wood located nearer the outside of the tree trunk; it is the only part where the active xylem substance is located; it transmits water and other substances along the plant body; and it gives the tree hardness
Sapwood
When the sapwood dies, it becomes the heartwood.
True
This is a characteristic of gymnosperms and many eudicots, but not monocots.
Secondary Growth
It is the phloem produced near the outside of the stem, and is the protective covering of woody plants.
Bark
It is a ring formed each year, and is a way to estimate the age of the stem (tree).
Annual Rings
Flowering plants can be categorized based on the length of their life cycle:
Annuals
Biennials
Perennials
This refers to plants that complete their life cycle in a year or less.
Annuals
This refers to plants that require two growing seasons.