214 Final Review

• A general rule states that radiographic grids must be used in chest radiography for: 

   Exposure factors using 100 kv or more 
• A PA chest radiograph reveals that only seven ribs are seen above the diaphragm on a healthy adult. Which of the following suggestions would improve the inspiration of lungs? 

   Take exposure on second inspiration 
• The central ray (CR) for an anteroposterior (AP) supine, adult chest projection, should be centered: 

   3-4 in below jugular notch 
• A correctly positioned lateral chest radiograph demonstrates some separation of the posterior ribs owing to the divergent x-ray beam. But a separation of greater than ____ cm indicates objectionable rotation from a true lateral. 

   No more than 1 cm
• What is the primary disadvantage of performing an AP projection of the chest rather than a PA? 

  Increased magnification of the heart
• What position is most crucial to demonstrate possible air and fluid levels in the chest? 

   Erect or Decubitus
• A PA chest radiograph reveals that the left sternoclavicular joint is closer to the spine than the right joint. What specific positioning error has been committed? 

   Rotation to the left anterior oblique position LAO 
• What technique is most effective in preventing lung markings from obscuring the sternum on an oblique projection? 

   Orthostatic
• The technologist must ____ manual exposure factors for a patient with severe ascites.   

   Increase 
• Why is the RAO sternum preferred to the LAO position? 

   The RAO projects the sternum over the shadow of the heart 
• Which position can replace the RAO of the sternum if the patient cannot lie prone? 

   LPO
• To ensure that the inferior margin of the abdomen is included on a KUB radiograph, the technologist should palpate the: 

   Greater trochanter or symphysis pubis
• What is the best method to control voluntary motion during abdominal radiography? 

   Short exposure time 
• An ambulatory (walking) patient comes to radiology with a clinical history of possible pneumonia. The patient complains of pain in the center of her chest. What positioning routine should be performed on this patient? 

   PA chest - Left lateral 
• The upper margin of the lungs is at the level of the: 

   Vertebrae prominence (C7)
• The two most common landmarks for chest positioning are the: 

   Jugular notch and vertebrae prominence 
• Which of the following statements is true about radiography of ribs located ABOVE the diaphragm? 

   Second inspiration 
• Which two positions must be taken for an injury to the right anterior upper ribs? 

  PA and LAO 
• Where is the CR centered for a PA projection of the sternoclavicular joints? 

  3 in below vertebrae prominence