English 8

• Comparison and Contrast
• Making a comparison and Contrast is a means of seeing how things can be similar and different.
• Comparison - Comparing is showing the similarities between, objects, ideas or people. It is a form of matching.
• Contrast - Contrasting is shovving
• the differences or seperate qualities between or among objects, ideas or people
• Idea Development


  The manner of expressing the main point or main idea
• General


  Explains their main idea
• Particular/specific Details


  Particular ideas
• Claim


  Opinion, arguable statement
• Counterclaim


  The strongest argument against your claim
• Counterclaim should provide reasons or evidence
• Cause


  Reason
• Effect


  Result
• Outline


  A map of your essay, shows what information each section or paragraph will contain, and in what order
• Reasons in creating an outline

  • Helps you organize your ideas
  • Aids in the process of writing
  • Constructs an ordered overview of your writing
• How to make an outline

  1. Start with the title

  2. Next the numerals

  3. Followed by the capital letters for subtopic I

  4. Followed by the supporting details

  5. Each element must be aligned properly
• Topic Outline


  Prevents your ideas or information/words or phrases only
• Sentence Outline


  Lists complete sentences
• Primary Sources


  Provide immediate, first-hand accounts of a topic or evidence, come from the main source
• Examples of Primary Sources

  • Artifacts
  • Surveys
  • Original research
  • Poems
  • Emails
  • Photographs
  • Artwork performance
  • Diaries
  • Letters
  • Newspaper reports
• Secondary Sources


  One step removed from primary sources, they cover the same topic and add a layer of interpretation and analysis
• Examples of Secondary Sources

  • Dictionaries
  • Textbooks
  • Documentaries
  • eBooks about a specific subject
  • Biographies
  • Commentaries
  • History books
  • Literary reviews