process where plants convert CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER into GLUCOSE and OXYGEN using LIGHT ENERGY.
occurs in CHLOROPLASTS within plant cells, which contain the pigment CHLOROPHYLL that absorbs light.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS is an ENDOTHERMIC reaction, meaning it absorbs energy from the environment.
photosynthesis:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O (light) → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
photosynthesis:
CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER → GLUCOSE + OXYGEN
How plants use glucose:
respiration
cellulose
amino acids
lipids
starch
respiration
Glucose is used to TRANSFER ENERGY by respiration for the plant's FUNCTIONS and to create other substances.
cellulose
Glucose is transformed into CELLULOSE, which is crucial for making PLANT CELL WALLS to SUPPORT cells' structures.
amino acids
Glucose is combined with NITRATE IONS from the soil to make amino acids, which are then assembled into PROTEINS for GROWTH and REPAIR.
lipids
Glucose is turned into fats and oils for storage in SEEDS.
starch
Glucose is stored as starch in roots, stems, and leaves for use when photosynthesis is not active, like during winter. Starch is a good storage form because it is INSOLUBLE, preventing the cell from swelling with water.