Industrial

• Society:

  • Urbanisation
  • Industrialisation
  • Population increased
  • Literacy grew
• Crime:

  • Increased due to return of soldiers from Napoleonic war to higher costs and lower wages and no work available
  • Decreased due to introduction of the Metropolitan Police force
• Enforcement:

  • Bow street runners = 1754
  • The Metropolitan Police = 1829
  • Detectives introduced in 1842
• Punishment:

  • Hanging - the long drop introduced
  • Prisons / prison reforms
  • Transportation to Australia
• Prison reforms =

  Elizabeth Fry - passionate advocate for education in prisons

  John Howard - Advocated for essential but basic provisions such as clean water