Social Studies (final)

• Gender and sexuality


  Important characteristics of every person that affect their whole personality
• Sex


  The natural or biological characteristics of a person either as male or female
• Sexuality


  The sexual identity, experiences, and attraction of a person. It is part of the social life of humans and may be influenced by hormonal changes or genetic predisposition.
• Gender


  The socially constructed roles, behaviors, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse people
• Masculinity


  • Emphasizes ambition, acquisition of wealth, and differentiated gender roles
• Femininity


  • Stresses caring and nurturing behaviors, sexuality equality, environmental awareness, and more fluid gender roles
• Sexual orientation


  The physical or emotional attraction that an individual feels toward another individual
• Gender identity


  The perceived or believed gender of a person, whether or not it is congruent to his or her biological sex
• Homosexuality


  Attraction between people who are the same sex
• Heterosexuality


  Romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between people of the opposite sex or gender
• Bisexuality


  Experiencing emotional, romantic and/or sexual attractions to, or engaging in romantic or sexual relationships with, more than one sex or gender
• Rights that homosexuals around the world fight for

  • Right to freely express one's views and feelings
  • Right to marry civilly and be given the same benefits as those married heterosexuals and their children
  • Right to live freely without discrimination
• Gender roles in society


  How we're expected to act, speak, dress, groom, and conduct ourselves based upon our assigned sex
• Forms of Discrimination Against Gender

  • Insults and criticisms
  • Not finding a job
  • Prohibiting them from entering establishments
  • Physical abuse or even killing
• Some religions in the world assert that homosexuality is against God's teachings and are quick to judge homosexuals
• In some schools, gays, lesbians, and bisexuals students are often bullied, harassed, teased or laughed at because of their behavior and actions
• An increasing number of LGBT people are being recognized in the fields of film, television, and fashion, but there remain many individuals who continue to condemn them
• A birth of a boy is celebrated and considerate a blessing, while the birth of a girl is considered to be a burden to the family. Some parents react badly when they learn that their child identifies within the LGBTQ spectrum.
• Inherent and Inalienable rights


  Rights which remain with him or her until death
• Rights of the Accused

  • These protects people accused of any transgression of the law
  • The right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty
  • Right to remain silent and be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him/her
  • To be PRESENT and DEFENDED in person by a counsel at every stage of the proceedings
  • All in the Miranda Rights
• "you have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you.": 'Miranda Rights'
• Political Rights

  • Right to vote
  • Right to hold public office unless having been convicted of a crime with finality
  • Petition the government for redress of grievances or complain against their government without fear of being punished
  • Right to participate in political processes and be a member of a political party
• Economic or Livelihood Rights


  • Freedom to choose and pursue livelihood, business, and a decent lifestyle
  • Right to own property, amass wealth, and use these to whatever way a person wants, as long as it is according to law
  • To earn a living and receive just compensation for one's work in accordance with the law
• Civil Rights


  • To live peacefully
  • To have freedom of speech
  • Freedom of assembly
  • Freedom to choose where to live, freedom to travel
  • Choose a religion and enter into any agreement
• Social or Cultural Rights

  • Participate in living out one's tradition and customs
  • To preserve a way of life as long as these do not interfere with the rights of others
  • Establish and join any organization
  • Our right to marry
• Issues on R.A 10354

  • Question on Morality
  • (Against the Will of God)
  • (Going against the Human natural course)
• Church's position on Artificial Contraceptives

  • This course of action could open wide the way for marital infidelity and a general lowering of moral standards
  • Another effect that gives cause for alarm is that a man who grows accustomed to the use of contraceptive methods may forget the reverence due to a woman, and, disregarding her physical and emotional equilibrium, reduce her to being a mere instrument for the satisfaction of his own desires, no longer considering her as his partner whom he should surround with care and affection
• Historical background of Reproductive Health in the PH

  • Population Commission was established to encourage the citizens to control the size of their families
  • In 1967 USAID helped the country to control its population, and has funded 80% of contraceptives in the Philippines
  • Campaigns to control the population through mass media, education and programs were implemented to support the cause
  • In 1989 the Philippines Legislators' Committee on Population and Development was created
  • In the year 2000 Philippines promised to promote health and gender equality as part of the Millenium Development Goals by 2015
• Historical background of Reproductive Health in the PH


  • In 2003, the USAID program on distribution of contraceptives in developing countries has ended. As a result, Philippines has to source-out funds to continue their family planning programs
  • In 2004, DOH launched the Philippines' Contraceptive Self-reliance Strategy, whereby locally-made contraceptives were distributed
  • In 2010, with the help of USAID, government started its mass-dissemination to promote family planning
• General Intentions of R.A. 10354

  • To provided universal access to methods on contraception, fertility control, sexual education, and maternal care in the Philippines. An Act providing for a National Policy on Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health
  • The law aims to empower the Filipino people, especially women and youth, through informed choice and age- and development- appropriate education
  • Provide funds and appropriations for the promotion and implementation of gender and reproductive health programs
• The Problem of Unwanted Pregnancy

  • Teenage Pregnancy
• Article II, Section 12 of the 1987 Const.

  
  

  Section 12. The State recognizes the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution. It shall equally protect the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception. The natural and primary right and duty of parents in the rearing of the youth for civic efficiency and the development of moral character shall receive the support of the Government.
• The Issue of Abortion

  • Abortion in the Philippines is considered to be taboo, because of its legal, religious, cultural, and societal implications
  • Abortion will only be available and acceptable to the Church and government, if the life of the mother is being endangered by her pregnancy
  • But despite abortion being illegal in the Philippines, thousands of Filipino women continue to do it
• Views and Arguments of those who support RH Bill

  • Providing Sex Education for the Youth
  • This will help the youth form a "normal and healthy view about sex"
  • The Catholic Church believe that teaching the youth about sex the responsibility of the parents
  • Advocates of Sex Education for the youth believes that it can help solve the growing problem of teenage pregnancy and unwanted pregnancy, resulted be Pre-Marital Sex
  • The Church believe that sex education will promote pre-marital sex
• Views and Arguments of those who support RH Bill

  • Help the Poor
  • Family size is highly correlated to poverty
  • More often, bigger families experience poverty compared to smaller families
  • WHO considers contraceptives as safe and essential medicine
  • Contraceptives are even far safer than pregnancy
• Views and Arguments of those who support RH Bill

  • Promoting Health
  • Improving the health and nutrition of mothers, infants, and children
  • Promoting breastfeeding
  • Controlling infection in the reproductive tract and other STD's
  • Treating cancer of the breast and reproductive health
  • Providing information about natural and modern methods of family planning
  • Educating the youth about reproductive health
• Views and Arguments of those who Oppose RH Bill

  • The use of contraceptives causes various diseases
  • Contraceptives causes harm to mothers like high blood pressure, stroke and some forms of cancer
  • Overpopulation is not the root of Poverty
  • Poverty is not caused by population growth. It is caused by corruption and ineffective governance
• Republic Act No. 10353 - The responsible parenthood and reproductive health act of 2012 - Reproductive Health Law
• RA 9710 Magna Carta of Women - Eliminate discrimination against women through advocation women's right
• RA 7610 Anti child abuse law - Aims to protect children from all forms of abuse.