Developing drugs

• Stage 1:

  1. tested on human cells and tissues
  2. can’t use to test drug that affect whole or multiple body systems
• Stage 2:

  1. test drugs on live animals. test its efficacy and find out about its toxicity
  2. uk law test on at least 2 animals- cons some ppl think it’s cruel
• Stage 3:

  1. tested on human volunteers
  2. first tested on healthy ppl to test harmful side effects. very low dose gradually increases
  3. then tested on ppl with illness. optimum dose found
  4. test how good works 2 groups one given placebo and one new drug. Doctor see actual difference drug makes
  5. trials are bile don’t know if you had drug or placebo