cellss

• Parts of a cell

  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Organelles
• Types of cells


  • Plant cells
  • Animal cells
  • Specialised cells (e.g. red blood cells, muscle cells)
• Cells have different functions depending on their type and structure
• Cells


  • Plant
  • Animal
  • Specialised
• Parts of cells


  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
  • Chloroplast
  • Vacuole
• Cell types


  • Plant
  • Animal
  • Red blood
  • Nerve
  • Muscle
  • Sperm
  • Epithelial
• Substances moving in cells

  • Diffusion
  • Osmosis
• Cell


  The fundamental unit of life that contains the basic molecules and processes of living organisms
• Life processes


  • Movement
  • Reproduction
  • Sensitivity
  • Growth
  • Respiration
  • Excretion
  • Nutrition
• Animal cell


  • Nucleus
  • Ribosomes
  • Mitochondria
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
• Plant cell


  • Cell wall
  • Chloroplasts
  • Permanent vacuole
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosomes
  • Mitochondria
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
• Multicellular organisms are composed of cells which are organised into tissues, organs and systems to carry out life processes
• There are many types of cell, each with a different structure or feature so it can do a specific job
• Both plant and animal cells have a cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm and mitochondria
• Plant cells also have a cell wall, chloroplasts and usually a permanent vacuole
• Damage to or failure of an organ


  Affects other body systems
• The structure of different cells is related to their function
• Cell wall


  Strengthen the cell. In plants it is made of cellulose
• Chloroplast


  Contains chlorophyll to allow the plant to make food by photosynthesis
• Vacuole


  Used to keep the cell rigid and store substances
• When a baby is born, they are formed from around 1.25 trillion cells and most have a specialised role in the body
• A single fertilised egg develops into a human baby
• Muscle cells


  Transports oxygen around the body
• Muscle cells


  • Long extension projects into soil giving a large surface area to absorb water and minerals
• Sperm cell


  Carries genetic information from father, swims to egg to fertilise it to make young
• Sperm cell


  • Has a tail to help move the cell through liquid
• Red blood cell


  Allows movement
• Red blood cell


  • Large surface area to absorb oxygen. No nucleus so lots of haemoglobin which carries oxygen
• Nerve cell


  Carries nerve impulses over long distances
• Nerve cell


  • Contains filaments which allows the cell to contract. This lets parts of the body move
• Nerve cell


  • Contain many mitochondria which release energy for contracting
• Ciliated epithelial cell


  Little hair like cilia beat to move mucus carrying trapped dirt towards the throat
• Ciliated epithelial cell


  • Contains lots of cytoplasm containing nutrients for growing young
• Parts plant cells have that animal cells don't

  • Vacuole
  • chloroplast
• Part of the cell

  Cell wall
• Part of the cell

  Cell membrane
• Tissue


  A group of cells that have similar structures working together to perform a particular function
• Tissues in humans


  • Muscle
  • Nerve
  • Glandular
• Organ


  A complex structure made up of several different types of tissues that work together to carry out a particular function
• Organs


  • Heart
  • Stomach