Tulving

• Credibility - Lots of research

  • Clive Wearing suffered brain damage - lost ability to encode new long term memories
  • Forgets everything within 30 seconds and always feeling like he's waking up the first time
  • Has lost episodic memory but not semantic memory
  • Has not episodic memory of wife but remembers he loves her (Semantic memory)
  • Knows he has children but can't remember names
  • Has procedural memory - plays piano although can't remember his musical education and once music stops he forgets he performed
• Objections - Squire and Zola put to test

  • Damage to temporal cortex causes problems with both types of memory
  • Suggests declarative and non-declarative located in same place and be same thing working in different way
  • Squire and Zola - examined kids with amnesia and adults with amnesia - episodic and semantic memories equally impaired supporting idea that two memory functions are linked
  • Propose KC problems is not with memory but with ability to understand and make sense of own memories
• Differences - Links to Reconstructive memory

  • Tulving - memory has semantic stores where we keep our understanding of relationship and rules which is similar to schemas
  • Schemas meaningful patterns of information which differ from person to person - they are separate semantic stores
  • If Tulving ideas true makes reconstructive memory plausible
  • If reconstructive memory true then semantic memory has more influence over episodic memory as schemas influence how er construct our memories