BIOLOGY FINALS 1

• Genetics - study of heredity and variation of organisms
• Gene - basic physical and functional unit of heredity
• Genes - made up of DNA
• Chromosomes - carry genes
• Gene - unit of heredity
• Alleles - two genes that occupy the same position on homologous chromosomes and cover the same trait.
• homozygous - having identical genes
• heterozygous - having two different genes
• RR - homozygous round
• Rr - heterozygous round
• rr - homozygous wrinkled
• Dominant - the allele of a gene that masks the expression of an alternative allele ; appears in the heterozygous condition
• Recessive - an allele that is masked by a dominant allele
• Genotype - the genetic makeup of an organisms
• Phenotype - the physical appearance of an organism
• P = Parential Generation
• F1 = First Filial generation
• F2 = second filial generation
• monohybrid inheritance - inheritance of a single characteristic
• dihybrid inheritance - a dihybrid cross involves the inheritance pattern for organisms differing in two traits
• dihybrid inheritance - determines if different traits of organism were inherited independently