Women in Philippine History

• The Philippine Flag was sewed in 535 Morrison Hill Road in Hongkong
• The 3 women who sewed the Philippine Flag are Marcela Agoncillo, her daughter Lorenza, and Delfina Herbosa de Natividad a niece of Rizal
• Maria Ylagan Orasa - BS, MS Pharmaceutical Chemistry; BS Food Chemistry
• Maria Ylagan Orosa - She experimented the preservation of food
• Maria Ylagan Orosa - The first person to freeze and can food, invented the banana ketchup and soyalac
• Maria Ylagan Orosa - Studied and promoted the use of indigenous ingredients
• Maria Ylagan Orosa - Made the flour from cassava, green banana, and coconuts
• In 1927, Maria Ylagan Orosa became the head of the Division of Food Preservation
• During the Second World War, Maria Ylagan Orosa redirected her division to the creation of nutrient-dense food products
• Maria Ylagan Orosa - served as a captain in Marking Guerillas
• Nieves Fernandez - a school teacher in Tacloban Leyte, also known as The Silent Killer who dressed in all black attire
• Nieves Fernandez - made a makeshift gun made of gas pipe, and her bolo, for more than two years she carried out the ambush alone
• Nieves Fernandez - earned the title "Captain Fernandez" among 110 guerillas
• Magdalena Leones - known as "The Lioness of Filipino Guerilla Agents", also the first filipina to be awarded Silver Star by US
• Magdalena Leones - served as a special agent in the US Army in North Luzon
• Teresita Reyes - also known as Mama Sita, a Philippine Culinary Icon who invented recipes and selling sauce mixes, vinegar, and sauces
• Margarita Gomez - also known as Maita, Miss Philippine World 1967, became activist during Martial Law and joined the New People`s Army, Co-founder of Gabriela
• Leona Josefa Florentino - Mother of Philippine Women`s Literature, a poetess who wrote in Spanish and Ilocano like International Encyclopedia of Women`s Works
• Gender Egalitarian - one characteristics of Philippine History since Spanish Period
• Patriarchy - since the colonization of Europeans it became a norm
• Patriarchy - men hold power then women
• Patriarchy - it manifested in Historical Discipline which is mostly written by men
• Gender Egalitarian - Men and Women are equally members of the society
• Before Spanish, the Spiritual Leaders are babaylan in Visayan and catalonan in Tagalog
• Babaylan or Catalonan - Spiritual Leader, Community`s Healer, Proto-scientist, Mananalaysay
• Most babaylan are women, or it could be anyone with female characteristics
• According to Fray Domingo Perez in his Relacion - the Priest are called "bayok" and is dressed in women who wear tapis, or apron and a sword on the right
• Male Catalonan appear like women in dress and coiffure, if they were not female, they are old men who lost their masculine and become women
• Socio-economic structure - Datu, Panday, and Babaylan
• Datu - responsible for political government and military duties (Economic and Military duties)
• Panday - specialist in wielding iron and instrument made from iron (Technological Aspect)
• Babaylan - The central personality in ancient Philippine Society in the field of culture, religion, and medicine
• Sixteenth Century - arrival of Spaniards
• The Catholic Faith carried an ideology that was aimed at repressing women`s bodies
• The babaylan are viewed by Catholic Church as heathen and satanic and was accused as mangkukulam or manggagaway
• The role of spiritual leader was transferred to Friars
• The women are expected to cover their legs and feet with tapis and saya and their upper part with bodice or camisa and the outer is panuelo
• Good Women are devoted to prayers and church
• Women are expected to sacrifice for their husband and children
• Women should not be loud and be primness