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SCIENCE
Biomolecules
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Cards (40)
Biomolecules
Inorganic molecules produced by living organisms
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Major categories of biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
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Monomers
Atoms that bond together to form more complex structures
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Types of monomers
Sugars (monosaccharides)
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Nucleotides
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Carbohydrates
Polymers formed by linking monosaccharides
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Proteins
Polymers formed by linking amino acids
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Lipids
Fats and fat-like substances including fatty acids and glycerol
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Nucleic acids
Polymers formed by linking nucleotides, contain genetic information
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Reading food labels
Helps make food choices
Informs people with food allergies
Informs about additives to avoid
Helps manage weight and improve health
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Carbohydrates
Major source of energy in the body, contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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Main groups of carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
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Monosaccharides
Simple sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed further
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Monosaccharides
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Mannose
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Disaccharides
Complex sugars made of two monosaccharides chemically joined
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Disaccharides
Sucrose
Maltose
Lactose
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Polysaccharides
Complex sugars made of chains and/or branches of monosaccharides
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Polysaccharides
Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen
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Lipids
Organic substances including fats and fat-like substances, generally hydrophobic and insoluble in water
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Lipids
Sources and storage of energy
Essential parts of cell structures
Insulating material to prevent heat loss
Solvent for fat-soluble vitamins and hormones
Prevents water loss from skin
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Types of fatty acids
Saturated
Unsaturated
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Saturated fatty acids
Solid at room temperature, mostly found in animals
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Unsaturated fatty acids
Liquid at room temperature, mostly found in plants
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Other lipids
Phospholipids
Waxes
Steroids
Triglycerides
Sphingolipids
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Biomolecules
Inorganic
molecules produced by living
organisms
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Major
categories of biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
View source
Monomers
Atoms that bond together to form more
complex structures
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Types
of monomers
Sugars (
monosaccharides
)
Amino
acids
Fatty
acids
Nucleotides
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Classes
of biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
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Reasons
for reading food labels
Helps
make
food choices
Informs people with food
allergies
Informs about
additives
to avoid
Helps manage
weight
and improve
health
View source
Carbohydrates
Major source of energy in the body, contain carbon,
hydrogen
and
oxygen
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Main
groups of carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
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Monosaccharides
Simple sugars that cannot be
hydrolyzed
to simpler sugars
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Disaccharides
Complex sugars made up of two
monosaccharides
chemically joined together
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Polysaccharides
Complex sugars made up of
chains
and/or branches of monosaccharides formed by
condensation
reactions
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Lipids
Organic substances that include
fats
and fat-like substances, generally hydrophobic and insoluble in water but soluble in
organic
solvents
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Lipids
Sources and storage of energy, essential parts of
cell
structures, insulating material, solvent for fat-soluble vitamins and hormones, prevents
water
loss from skin
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Types
of fatty acids
Saturated
Unsaturated
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Saturated
fatty acids
Lard,
margarine
,
butter
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Unsaturated fatty acids
Vegetable
oil,
corn
oil
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Other
lipids
Phospholipids
Waxes
Steroids
Triglycerides
Sphingolipids
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