crocodiles, birds and mammals

• heart structure


  4 chambers, 2 atrium , 2 ventricles

  
• seperation


  Complete seperation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

  blood from right ventricle to lungs

  blood from left ventricle to body
• delivery rate


  highest, muscular ventricles generate very high pressure
• Efficiency

  • Highest
  • highest activity levels
  • higher metabolic activity
  • vascoconstriction redirects blood to active areas of the body
  • O2 delivered rapidly for delivery of nutrients