APUSH Unit 8

• Cold War


  High tensions between US and USSR after World War
• Iron Curtain

  Symbolized ideological conflict and physical boundary dividing Europe into two areas after World War
• Containment Policy


  Adopted by Truman in which US tried to stop spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weak countries to resist
• Operation Wetback


  Deport illegal Mexican migrant workers
• George F. Kennan


  US diplomat that made "containment doc
• Truman Doctrine


  Pledge to support anyone fighting comm
• Marshall Plan


  Supported reconstruction of WWII
• Berlin Airlift


  Flying food and supplies to blockaded W Berliners.
• East Germany


  Soviet-occupied
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)


  Step towards containment; intergovernmental military alliance based on North Atlantic Treaty
• Warsaw Pact


  Military alliance of communist nations in Eastern Europe in response to NATO; Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germ, Hungary, Poland, Romania, & USSR
• National Security Act


  Est Deportment of Defense and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in response to USSR threats
• Arms Race


  US and USSR compete to build uр their forces weapons
• NSC-68


  Called for increase in US conventional and nuclear forces to carry out con
• Mao Zedong


  Revolutionary leader of China; led Communism
• People's Republic of China


  Communist of China
• Korean War


  North Korea (supported by USSR and China) against South Koren (supported by US and UN)
• Brinkmanship


  Willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent back down
• Massive Retaliation


  Threaten with nuclear weapons in response to acts of
• Peaceful Coexistence


  US and USSR compete economically and politically without
• Nikita Khrushchev


  USSR leader after Stalin's death
• Sputnik (1957)

  USSR satellite launced into orbit; first time humans were sent in orbit
• NASA


  Government agency created in response to sputnik to lead US space
• U-2 Incident

  US spy plan shot down over USSR
• Military Industrial Complex

  Interlinkage of military defense industry
• Bay of Pigs


  Cuban exiles organization supported by CIA to overthrow Fidel Castrol in Cuba
• Berlin wall


  USSR built a wall to prevent refugees from leaving
• Cuban Missile Crisis


  USSR had missiles on Cuba; US demanded removal and made a naval blockade; USSR US remove missiles from Cuba
• Nuclear Test Ban Treaty


  Prohibited nuclear weapons tests or other nuclear explosions under water, in atmosphere, or outer space
• Flexible-Response Policy


  Mutual deterrence at strategic, tactical, conventional levels
• Non-Proliferation Treaty


  Prevents spread of nuclear weapons and technology to promote cooperation in peaceful uses of n energy
• Henry Kissinger


  Negotiated an end to the Yom Kippur war & the Treaty of Paris that led to Vietnam ce
• Detente


  US and USSR negotiated reduced arma treaties
• Anti Ballistic Missiles


  Restriction on defensive missile systems
• Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)


  Negotiations to limit offensive stutegic arms
• Smith Act


  Criminal penalties for advocating to overthrow US government and all non-citizen adult residents had to register with the
• Second Red Scare


  Intense anti-communism suspicion and fear caused by investigations of infiltration in institutions
• House Un-American Activities Committee


  Investigating committee that loved into "un-American propoganda
• Alger Hiss


  US State Department official who was accused of being USSR
• Julius Ethel Rosenberg


  Executed for espionage after being accused of sharing nuclear technology information with the USSR