Reproductive System

• Gonads

  • Male and Female sex glands, ovaries, and testes
• Bulbourethral gland

  • Adds mucus to semen, also neutralizes acids
• Epididymis

  • A long, coiled duct on the outside of the testis in which sperm mature
• Penis

  • The organ through which both semen and urine leave the male body.
• Prostate gland

  • Gland that secretes milky fluid that activates sperm
• Scrotum

  • External sac that contains the testes
• Seminal vesicle/gland

  • located near the base of the bladder adds largest amount of volume to semen: sugar, vitamins
• Seminiferous tubules

  • Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes.
• Testes

  • Male gonads. Interstitial cells make testosterone/sperm when stimulated by FSH and LH from the pituitary gland.
• Urethra

  • A small tube through which urine and semen flows from the body
• Vas (ductus) deferens

  • tube that carries sperm from epididymis to urethra in males
• Semen

  • A thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system
• Ovaries

  • Glands that produce the oocytes and hormones in females
• Follicles

  • Where the egg is stored and matures just before ovulation
• Ova (ovum)

  • Female egg cells
• FSH

  • Follicle stimulating hormone: stimulates ovary follicles to mature in woman, sperm production in men
• LH

  • Luteinizing hormone, triggers ovulation in females, release of testosterone in males
• Ovulation

  • The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube. Usually occurs on day 14 of ovarian cycle.
• Fallopian (uterine) tubes

  • transport egg from ovary to uterus. Where conception normally occurs.
• Uterus

  • A hollow muscular organ in the pelvic cavity of the female, in which the embryo is nourished and develops before birth
• Fundus

  • Rounded upper portion of the uterus.
• Cervix

  • The opening of the uterus into the vagina.
• Vagina

  • A muscular, elastic passageway that extends from the uterus to the outside of the body. Birth canal.
• Hymen

  • Membrane that partially closes the vaginal canal until it ruptures
• Clitoris

  • organ of sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra. Homologous to the tissue in the male penis
• Menstruation

  • The first phase of the uterine (endometrial) cycle, during which the endometrium from the previous cycle is shed; lasts from day 1 to day 5 of the cycle.
• Testosterone

  • A male hormone that stimulates the growth of genitals and secondary sexual characteristics.