ART APPRECIATION

• Dadaism or Dada


  A post-World War I cultural movement in visual art as well as literature (mainly poetry), theatre, and graphic design
• Dadaism


  • A protest against the barbarism of the War and what Dadaists believed was an oppressive intellectual rigidity in both art and everyday society
  • Its works were characterized by deliberate irrationality and the rejection of the prevailing standards of art
• Dadaists

  First met at a café Cabaret Voltaire in Zurich, Switzerland in 1916
• Tristan Tzara


  The leader of the Dadaists, a poet from Romania
• Richard Huelsenbeck


  The co-founder of the Dadaists
• Dada's motto was "Destruction is also creation" because Dada had no rules and no values, and it shocked people
• The idea is more important than the work itself in Dada
• Art can be made of anything in Dada
• Dada sought to undermine all art, viewing it as part of cultural norms and sensibilities that established oppressive aesthetic standards and emphasized the "reason" and "order" that had led to the self-annihilating destruction of World War I
• Surrealism


  Launched in Paris in 1924 by French poet André Breton with the publication of his Manifesto of Surrealism, strongly influenced by the theories of Sigmund Freud
• The Dadaists discovered the unconscious mind and the dream as sources of a new reality and artistic inspiration
• Surrealists


  Believed that automatism (automatic writing and drawing) was a better way to tackle societal change than the Dada movements attack on prevailing values, and often sought to challenge the social and political norms
• The role of dreams and the unconscious mind is explored through symbolic imagery and metaphor in Surrealism
• Constructivism


  An artistic and architectural theory that originated in Russia at the beginning of 1913 by Vladimir Tatlin, a rejection of the idea of autonomous art by constructing it, supporting art as a practice for social objectives
• Constructivist art


  • Focused on industrial production, used stripped-down, geometric forms and modest materials, with a visual language in forms that could be drawn with practical instruments like compasses and rulers, and materials like wood, glass, and metal were analyzed and judged based on how suitable they were for use in mass-produced objects and images
• Abstract Expressionism


  A painting movement in which artists typically applied paint rapidly, and with force to their huge canvases to show feelings and emotions, emerging in New York roughly between 1940-1960, with Arshile Gorky as the artist to put this movement into motion, obtaining his art ideals from Surrealism, Picasso, and Miro
• Optical Art or Opt Art


  A form of geometric abstract art that explores optical sensations through the use of visual effects such as recurring simple forms and rhythmic patterns, vibrating color combinations, moiré patterns, and foreground-background confusion, employing tricks of visual perception like manipulating rules of perspective to give the illusion of three-dimensional space, mixing colors to create the impression of light and shadow
• Optical Art


  • Elements of art: Line, Shape, and Space
  • Principles of design: Pattern and Movement
• Minimalism


  Movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is stripped down to its most fundamental form, most strongly with American visual arts in the late 1960's and early 1970's
• Photorealism


  An art movement that involves replicating the original photo image into a painting or a sculpture, commonly using photography to create their artwork, derived from pop art minimalism because it challenged people's art paradigms and it also focused on American consumerism, originated in the United States in the 1970's
• Pop Art


  Fused high art with everyday culture, employing common materials and popular imagery from mass media like comic strips and advertising, with artists like Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein subverting traditional ideas of originality by replicating mass media visuals through techniques such as screen printing
• Installation Art


  Body Art appears from the influence of the hippie movement (sexual freedom and pacifism), from the counter-culture movement, and the youth explosion, engaging with three-dimensional space, including hairstyles, nail art, makeup, tattoos, and piercings
• Performance Art


  An art in which the medium is the artist's own body and the artwork takes the form of actions performed by the artist, that could not be bought, sold, or traded as a commodity, with the history often traced back to futurist productions and dada cabarets of the 1910s, and in the post-war period becoming aligned with conceptual art due to its live-ness, physical movement and impermanence
• Performance Art


  • Is a legitimate artistic movement
  • Is live
  • Has no rules or guidelines, it is art because the artist says it is art, and it is experimental
  • Is not for sale (may sell admission tickets and film rights)
  • May be comprised of painting, sculpture, dialogue, poetry, music, dance, film footage, laser lights, animals, fire, etc.
  • May be entertaining, amusing, shocking or horrifying, and is meant to be memorable
• Conceptual art


  Characterized by a focus on the idea or concept underlying the piece rather than the final product, referring mainly to work created between the mid-1960s and the mid-1970s, originating as an art trend in the 1960s
• Baroque music

  A period or style of Western classical music from approx. 1600 to 1700 originated in Western Europe, the term 'baroque' meaning 'Broken Pearl' which describes the elaborate ornamentation characteristic of this style, with the ground bass (basso continuo) as a popular musical form
• Baroque music


  • Served as a musical expression for brilliant composers
  • Provided a source of entertainment for aristocrats
  • Was a way of life for musicians and a temporary escape from reality
• Johann Pachelbel


  A German Composer who was one of the most influential composers, known for his Canon in D Major (1680) composed in celebration of the wedding of JS Bach in 1694, the most popular wedding song and the most recognized work of Pachelbel
• Antonio Vivaldi


  A Venetian priest and composer known as "The Red Priest", famous for his work "The Four Seasons" or "La quattro stagioni", which is seen as a conversation between a solo instrument or multiple solo instruments and a wider ensemble
• Johann Sebastian Bach


  A German composer and musician of the late Baroque Period, known for instrumental compositions such as the Cello Suites and Brandenburg Concertos, as well as keyboard works like the Goldberg Variations, The Well-Tempered Clavier, Toccata, and Fugue in D minor, and vocal music like the St. Matthew Passion and Mass in B minor
• George Frederic Handel


  A German-Born English Composer of the late Baroque era, known for writing the most famous of all oratorios such as Messiah (1741), Water music (1717) and Music for the Royal Fireworks (1749)
• Classical music


  Originated in Western Europe, a formal musical tradition of the Western world, distinct from Western folk music or popular music traditions, characterized by a preference for clarity, balance, and symmetry, with the concerto as a popular musical form with a typically fast-slow-fast sequence of movements
• Joseph Haydn


  The First Great Master of the Classical Music, known for works like the Trumpet Concerto in E-Flat (soundtrack on Squid Game)
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart


  An influential and one of the greatest composers in Classical Music, who composed his first piece at the age of 5 and performed it in his first concert when he was 6, most popular for The Magic Flute
• Ludwig Von Beethoven


  A German composer known as the "Father of Music", most popular for his Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Op.67
• Franz Schubert


  An Austrian composer of the Classical era
• Classical music


  Preference for clarity, balance, and symmetry of music
• Concerto


  • Musical form that became popular in the Classical era, typically with three movements in a fast-slow-fast sequence
• Classical composers


  • Often wrote music for solo instruments with orchestra
• Schubert's most popular composition

  • Ave Maria