GEN BIO 4TH QUARTER

• Evolutionary relationship - between two different organism that are related through the global process of evolution
• evolutionary relationship - others words they are the relationships between two species that have a common ancestor
• phylogeny - is a way of visually representing evolutionary relationships.
• phylogeny - diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organism or genes from a common ancestors
• the phylogenetic tree - is a diagram used to reflect evolution among organism or groups of organisms
• willi henning - founder of phylogenetic systematics
• ancestral traits - are those traits that a group of organism share with their ancestors
• derived traits - the that a group of organism have that different from those of their ancestors
• clad Ogram - a branch that includes a singles common ancestor and all of its descendants is calleed a clade
• phulogram - it depicts either the amount of evolution occuring in a particular gene sequence or the esttimated duration of branches
• taxonomy - it is the study of relationship between livings things and the formal classification of organism into groups based on those hypothesized relationship
• carl linnaeus - also known as carl von linne or carolous linnaeus is often called the father of taxonomy
• Robert Harding whittaker - proposed the five kingdom classification in 1969
• domain - all life is split into three domains
• kingdom - each domain is divided into kingdoms
• phylum - each phyla is divided into classes
• class - is divided into orders
• orders - each order is divided into families
• family - is divided into gena
• genus - is divided into species
• species - one specific organisms
• kingdom protista - have nuclear membranes around their DNA they also have other membrane bound organelles
• kingdom fungi - are eukaryotic non vascular non motile and heterotrophic organisms
• kingdom plantae - reproduction is both asexual and sexual
• kingdom animalia - they have excretory and sensory organs as well as a neurological system
• kingdom monera - are present in both aerobicc environments
• plants - are fascinating living organisms that come in variety of sizes they grow from soil and use the sun energy to produce foods
• roots - are usually underground it anchors the plant in the ground absorb water and minerals from the soil
• stem - support leaves and flowers it allow food and water to go around the plant
• leaves - are flat and thin part of the plant it uses the sun to make its food
• fruits - is part of a flowering plant it contains the seeds of the plant
• seeds - is a part that can grow into a new plant
• flower - is considered the most attractive part of the plant
• animals - are living things that can move around by themselves and eat other living things for food
• mouth - chew and mixes food with saliva
• esophagus - transports food from the mouth to the stomach
• stomach - break down food wih acids and enzymes
• small intestine - absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream
• large intestine - absorbs water and forms stool
• rectum and anus - eliminate waste from the body