DEV PSYCH

• Enuresis/ bed wetting – repeated urination in clothing or in bed.
• 3 years old - brain is 90 percent of adult weight
• 3 to 6 years old – the most rapid brain growth occurs in the frontal areas
• 6 years old - brain is 90 percent of its peak volume
• Fine motor skills - physical skills that involve the small muscles and eye- hand coordination
• Gross motor skills - physical skills that involve the big muscles
• Systems of action - increasingly complex combinations of skills, which permit a wider or more precise range of movement and more control of the environment.
• Symbolic function – The child is able to think even the absence of that specific thing. They only rely on memory.
• Deferred imitation- once they have observe a specific situation, they can copy it
• Pretend play- use of objects to represent other things.
• Language- Children hears a new words and they can adopt it
• Understanding of Objects in Space- The child can fully undersatnd the world in 3D
• Understanding of Causality/ transduction- They cannot logically reason out things
• Understanding of Identities and Categorization- They know that whether that person changes it's appearance by make up or hair color they know who that person is.
• Animism- They can distinguish things living to non living things
• Cardinality principle- Child knows that whether you re arrange an object it won't change it's quantity
• Centration- Focuses on one aspect and ignores other aspects
• Decenter- Focus on several aspects
• Egocentrism- focuses only on their own pov
• Conservation / irreversibility- appearance may change but ability wont
• Theory of mind- They can understand false beliefs.
• Zone of proximal development (ZPD)- Vygotsky‟s term for the difference between what a child can do alone and what the child can do with help
• Scaffolding - temporary support to help a child master a task
• Fast mapping – process by which a child absorbs the meaning of a new word
• Social speech – speech intended to be understood by a listener
• Private speech – talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others
• Delayed language development- physical impairment
• Self-Concept- How we evaluate and define ourselves.
• Single Representations - Isolated, one-dimensional terms without logical connections
• Representational Mappings - Logical connections between parts of self-image
• Self-Esteem- How the child sees and feel themselves
• The Helpless Pattern- Failure may make the child feel helpless to do better
• Self-Evaluative Emotions- they can experience more than one emotion at the same time.
• Virtue of Purpose– the courage to envision and pursue goals without fear of punishment.
• Gender Roles - Behaviors and attitudes that a culture considers appropriate for males or females
• Gender-typing - The process by which children acquire a gender role
• Gender Stereotypes - Preconceived generalizations about male or female behavior
• Functional - Also known as locomotor movements. Repetitive muscle movements
• Constructive - Using objects to build something majority of the time they use blocks
• Dramatic - Fantasy play, dramatic play, or imaginative play