L7 Plant & Animal Urinary System & Fluid Regulation

• Urinary System: Plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and removing waste products from the body.
• Main components of the animal urinary system: are the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
• Kidneys: the primary organs responsible for filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood.
• Kidneys: regulate the concentration of various substances in the body, such as electrolytes and pH levels.
• Ureters: are thin tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder.
• Ureters: transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder for storage.
• Bladder: is a muscular organ that stores urine until it is ready to be eliminated from the body.
• Bladder: expands as it fills with urine and contracts during urination to expel the waste.
• Urethra: a tube that connects the bladder to the external environment.
• Urethra: It allows urine to pass out of the body during urination.
• The animal urinary system helps maintain fluid balance by regulating the amount of water and electrolytes excreted in urine.
• Animal Urinary System: plays a vital role in maintaining blood pressure and pH levels.
• Plants: they have specialized structures and mechanisms to regulate fluid balance and eliminate waste products.
• Plants: do not have a dedicated urinary system like animals.
• Roots: absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
• Roots: have tiny root hairs that increase the surface area for absorption.
• Xylem: a vascular tissue in plants responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
• Xylem: acts like a pipeline, carrying water and dissolved nutrients upwards.
• Stromata: small openings on the surface of leaves and stems
• Stromata: regulate the exchange of gases, including water vapor.
• When stomata open, water vapor is released through a process called transpiration.
• Phloem: vascular tissue in plants that transports sugars and other organic compounds produced during photosynthesis to different parts of the plant
• Plants regulate fluid balance through a process called transpiration.
• Water is absorbed by the roots, transported through the xylem, and released through the stomata
• This process helps plants maintain turgidity, transport nutrients, and cool the leaves.This process helps plants maintain turgidity, transport nutrients, and cool the leaves.
• Organ System vs. Specialized Structures: Animals have a dedicated urinary system consisting of organs like kidneys, bladder, and urethra. In contrast, plants have specialized structures like roots, xylem, and stomata for fluid regulation.
• Waste Elimination: Animals eliminate waste products, including nitrogenous compounds, through urine. Plants eliminate waste products through the process of transpiration.
• Fluid Balance: Animal urinary systems help regulate fluid balance by controlling the excretion of water and electrolytes. In plants, fluid balance is maintained through the absorption of water by roots and its release through transpiration.
• Transportation: Animals use the circulatory system to transport waste products and nutrients. Plants use the xylem and phloem to transport water, minerals, and organic compounds.