21ST CLPW - Q4L1

• World literature

  • Means writing that circulates widely beyond the borders of its country of origin.
• Two Literary Giants

  • William Shakespeare
  • Rabindranath Tagore
• Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941)

  • Bengali poet, Brahmo Samaj philosopher, visual artist, playwright, novelist, painter and a composer.
  • First non-European to win a Nobel Prize
  • Notable Works:
  • Jana Gana Mana (the National Anthem of India)
  • Amar Shonar Bangla' (the National Anthem of Bangladesh)
  • Gitanjali (song offerings) 'Ghare Baire' (novel)
• HONOUR OF A LIFETIME.

  • GITANJALI AND NOBLE PRIZE.
  • GITANJALI is a collection of poems by the Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore. 
  • The original Bengali collection of 157 poems was published on August 14, 1910. 
  • It contained translations of 53 poems from the original Bengali Gitanjali, as well as 50 other poems which were from his drama Achalayatan and eight other books of poetry mainly Gitimalya (17 poems). Naivedya (15 poems) and Kheya (11 poems).
  • Gitanjali
  • GITANJALI won Rabindranath the nobel prize in literature.
  • He was the first indian to receive the honour.
  • He received the noble prize in 1913.
• William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

  • Bard of Avon
  • English playwright, actor and
  • poet
  • Father of Modern English
  • Notable Works:
  • 2 narrative poems, 154 sonnets and 37 plays (comedy, tragedy and historical)
• Thou 

  • Means “you”
  • Is a subject form.
  • Art thou surprise?
• Thee

  • Means “you”
  • Is an object form.
  • This T-Rex wants to eat thee.
• Thy/Thine

  • Means “your”
  • Is used before a word that starts with a consonant, and thine before a word that starts with a vowel.
• The Shakespearean sonnet

  • In the 16th and 17th century poets in England started to imitate the Petrarchan sonnet, among which William Shakespeare.
  • Shakespearean or English sonnet:
  • The lines are divided 4-4-4-2 (three quartets and a couplet), rhyme scheme: abab, cdcd, efef, gg
  • The couplet (2 final lines) often form a surprising or striking turn Each line is in iambic pentameter.
• Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets, and his work differs from that of his contemporaries:

  • Fair Youth (a young aristocrat whom the poet gives advice)
  • Instead of the traditional adored lady there were three major characters:
  • Dark Lady (a lover of the poet who is not true to him)
  • Rival Poet (someone who the poet seeks to one-up)
  • A much wider range of subjects, not just love but also mortality.
  • He mocked traditional love poems.
• Types Of Sonnet

  1. Petrarchan Sonnet

  • It has a rhyming octave(abbaabba) and a rhyming sestet (cdcdcd).

  2. Shakespearean Sonnet

  • It has 3 quatrains and a couplet. 
  • The rhyme scheme is ababacdcdefefgg.
  • Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets. 
  • The majority of sonnets (1-126) are addressed to a young man while the sonnets (127-254) are addressed to a dark lady. 
  • So universally, sonnet 18 is addressed to a young man