Retrograde pyelography procedure in the x-ray department
1. With ureteric catheter(s) in situ, the patient is transferred from the operating theatre to the x-ray department
2. Urine is aspirated, and under fluoroscopic control, contrast medium is slowly injected
3. Care should be taken to eliminate air bubbles before injection (as these may mimic pathology such as tumour or calculus)
4. About 3–5 mL is usually enough to fill the pelvis, but if the patient complains of pain or fullness in the loin, the injection should be terminated before this
5. Images are taken as the catheter is withdrawn. These should include frontal and oblique projections