3. Antimalarial

• Malaria


  A blood-borne disease caused by a parasite, typically transmitted to humans via the bite of an infected mosquito
• 228 million malaria cases and 405 000 deaths were reported in 2019 globally
• Types of malaria parasites

  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Plasmodium vivax
  • Plasmodium ovale
  • Plasmodium malariae
  • Plasmodium knowlesi
• Malarial parasite cycle


  1. Female Anopheles mosquito injects sporozoites into bloodstream

  2. Sporozoites travel to liver and invade liver cells

  3. Sporozoites grow, divide, and produce merozoites

  4. Some malaria parasite species remain dormant in liver, causing relapses
• Symptoms of malaria


  • Recurrent fevers
  • Chills
  • Diffuse muscle aches
  • Headaches
  • Nausea and/or vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Anemia
  • Jaundice
• Malaria diagnosis methods


  • Microscopy
  • Rapid diagnostic test
  • Other tests
• Malaria prophylaxis dose


  Dose to prevent malaria