Sci 121 (fluid mechanics)

• Aerodynamics


  The study of air and gases in motion
• Hydrodynamics


  The study of liquids in motion
• Fluid


  A liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform under an applied shear stress, or external force
• Fluids are substances that are in a physical state of being solid, liquid or gaseous
• Liquid


  Has no definite shape and takes the shape of their container
• Water is an example of a liquid
• Fluids


  Can be made to flow, or move
• Characteristics of Fluids

  • Density
  • Pressure
  • Specific Weight
  • Surface Tension
  • Compressibility
  • Temperature
  • Viscosity
  • Volume
  • Relative Density
• Density


  The mass per unit volume of a substance or object
• Pressure


  The force applied by a fluid per unit area
• Specific Weight


  The weight of fluid per unit volume
• Surface Tension


  The tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area
• Compressibility


  The measure of how much a given volume of matter decreases when placed under pressure
• Viscosity


  A measure of a fluid's resistance to deformation at a given rate
• Volume


  The space occupied by a fluid in a given space, found with the height, width, and length
• Relative Density


  The ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material
• Fluid statics is the branch of fluid mechanics that studies incompressible fluids at rest
• SI Unit for Density is kg/m3
• A characteristic of fluid which has a symbol of γ is Specific Weight
• Compressibility is the measure of how much a given volume of matter decreases when placed under pressure
• Volume is the space occupied by a fluid in a given space, found with the height, width, and length
• Viscosity is defined scientifically as a force multiplied by a time divided by an area
• SI unit of Surface Tension is Newton per Meter or N/m
• SI unit for Pressure is Pascal (Pa)
• Constant Value of the Earth's Gravity is 9.8 m/s2
• Pressure is the force applied by a fluid per unit area
• Another term for Relative Density is Specific Gravity
• Surface Tension is the ratio of the surface force F to the length L along which the force acts
• Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance or object
• 2 m3 = 2000 L
• Pressure


  The force applied by it per unit area
• Specific Gravity


  Another term for Relative Density
• Surface Tension


  The ratio of the surface force F to the length L along which the force acts
• Fluid Statics


  The branch of fluid mechanics that studies incompressible fluids at rest
• Fluid statics is the physics of stationary fluids.
• Fluid pressure is influenced by two things: the fluid's depth and its density.
• Density


  An important characteristic of substances, crucial in determining whether an object sinks or floats in a fluid. It is the mass per unit volume of a substance or object.
• Pressure


  The force per unit perpendicular area over which the force is applied. The SI unit is Pascal (Pa).
• Pressure increases with depth in a fluid.
• Manometer


  A scientific tool used to calibrate pressure by measuring the pressure difference between two different points using the weight of a fluid column.