everything else

Cards (7)

  • Improving chances of being bilingual
    frequency of usage of both languages - various contexts
  • Improving chances of being bilingual - mode of acquisition
    • Native Bilingualism - growing up in 2 language environment
    • Immersion - schooling in a non-native language
    • Submersion - learning surrounded by non-native speakers
  • Language exposure - language order
    early exposure (critical period)
    • simultaneous
    • early sequential (most common) - learning 2nd after 1st
    • late sequential - 3nd learned later in life - post adolescence
  • Language exposure -
    languages = interconnected & influence each other
    • L1 - Increasing proficiency in L2 may have negative effects on L1
    • = decreased fluency, vocabulary, accuracy in L1
    • L2 Proficiency = may not reach same level as L1
    • deficits in vocabulary, grammar, fluency
    • mix elements of both = language interchange, code-switching
  • Critical period - language = biologically triggered behaviour
    • shares characteristics with biologically triggered behaviour
    • development begins before necessary & doesn't require conscious intention, unfolds in stages & may have an optimal period for development.
  • critical period - non-human
    • imprinting in ducks
    • visual orientation selectively in cats
    • song learning in some birds
    • visuo-motor co-ordination in barn owls
  • Event related fMRI
    • Adoptees & French Ss scanned while listening to sentences in French, Japanese, Polish
    • comparisons between groups don't show any significant differences